Project Sampling

Lamiaceae ML Tree Overview of Our Sampling Strategy
To place Lamiaceae within Lamiales, we will conduct plastome sequencing for ~100 taxa of Lamiales, representing the following families: Acanthaceae, Bignoniaceae, Byblidaceae, Lentibulariaceae, Linderniaceae, Martyniaceae, Mazaceae, Orobanchaceae, Paulowniaceae, Pedaliaceae, Phrymaceae, Rehmanniaceae, Schlegeliaceae, Scrophulariaceae (s.s.), Stilbaceae, Thomandersiaceae, and Verbenaceae. Sampling will be guided by our own data (Fig. 2; Stull et al. 2012, 2014, submitted; Godden et al. 2014, in prep.), Schäferhoff et al. (2010), McDade et al. (2012), Olmstead (2012), and Refulio-Rodriguez & Olmstead (2014). All necessary Lamiales samples are either in hand, available from listed collaborators, or readily obtainable in US botanical gardens.

We propose sampling ~1000 species of Lamiaceae, representing approximately 14% of currently recognized species diversity (see list below). Our sampling strategy is designed to encompass all ~236 genera of Lamiaceae and roughly equal proportions of the total species
diversity within each subfamily: Ajugoideae (24 genera, 137 species); Lamioideae (63 genera, 244 species); Nepetoideae (104 genera, 491 species); Prostantheroideae (15 genera, 45 species); Scutellarioideae (5 genera, 42 species); Symphorematoideae (3 genera, 7 species); and Viticoideae (10 genera, 57 species). Likewise, we will sample proportionally within other large clades within the family (e.g., tribes, subtribes, large genera). We will also sample all 10 genera that were considered incertae sedis by Harley et al. (2004). Furthermore, recognizing that many genera are nonmonophyletic as currently circumscribed, we have used our comprehensive family-wide hypothesis (Fig. 4) to guide our sampling decisions and to facilitate reconstruction of relationships among all subclades. For large genera (e.g., Callicarpa, Hyptis, Salvia), we have employed a sampling strategy that considers previous infrageneric work and covers as much taxonomic and geographic breadth as possible, but does not oversample recent rapid radiations (e.g., Salvia subgenus Calosphace).

Sample Coordination Within Our Global Network of Collaborators
We have established a collaboration with the Scratchpads team to develop a new tool to coordinate and manage taxonomic sampling, using Darwin Core standards to link information on specimens, tissues, and other data available through our Scratchpad. This dynamic tool will allow us to coordinate exchange of genetic resources within our global network of collaborators, to track the status of individual samples throughout all phases of the project, and to export reports or voucher tables for publication.

Proposed Taxonomic Sampling

Use the quick navigation links below to browse our list of taxa:

I. Lamiales

II. Lamiaceae

1. Subfamily: Symphorematoideae
2. Subfamily: Viticoideae
3. Subfamily: Ajugoideae
4. Subfamily: Prostantheroideae
     A. Tribe Chloantheae
     B. Tribe Westringieae
5. Subfamily: Scutellarioideae
6. Subfamily: Lamioideae
7. Subfamily: Nepetoideae
     A. Tribe Elscholtzieae
     B. Tribe Mentheae
         a. Subtribe Salviinae
         b. Subtribe Menthinae
         c. Subtribe Prunellinae
         d. Subtribe Nepetinae
     C. Tribe Ocimeae
         a. Subtribe Lavandulinae
         b. Subtribe Hanceolinae
         c. Subtribe Hyptidinae
         d. Subtribe Ociminae
         e. Subtribe Plectranthinae
8. Genera Incertae Sedis

Note: The proportion of sampled species diversity is indicated below for each genus in Lamiaceae. Species diversity estimates were derived from Harley et al. (2004) and modified as necessary.

Lamiales (sensu Olmstead, 2012, http://depts.washington.edu/phylo/Classification.pdf)

Acanthaceae
Acanthus mollis
Asystasia gangetica
Barleria cristata
Justicia americana
Ruellia humilis
Thunbergia grandiflora

Bignoniaceae
Bignonia capreolata
Campsis radicans
Catalpa bignonioides
Dolichandra unguis-cati
Jacaranda mimosifolia
Tabebouia aurea

Byblidaceae
Byblis aquatica
Byblis filifolia
Byblis gigantea
Byblis liniflora

Calceolariaceae
Calceolaria uniflora
Calceolaria perfoliata
Calceolaria purpurea
Jovellana violacea

Carlemanniaceae
Silvianthus tonkinensis

Gesneriaceae
Aeschynanthus lobbianus
Columnea schiedeana
Gesneria pauciflora
Sinningia cardinalis

Lamiaceae
Ajuga reptans
Callicarpa americana
Gmelina arborea
Hanceola exserta
Hyptis mutabilis
Lamium purpureum
Lavandula angustifolia
Mentha arvensis
Nepeta cataria
Ocimum basilicum
Perilla frutescens
Prostanthera lasianthos
Prunella vulgaris
Salvia hispanica
Scutellaria longifolia
Symphorema involucratum
Tectona grandis
Vitex trifolia
Westringia brevifolia

Lentibulariaceae
Pinguicula caerulea
Pinguicula moranensis
Utricularia bisquamata
Utricularia floridana

Linderniaceae
Lindernia crustacea
Micranthemum umbrosum
Torenia stolonifera

Martyniaceae
Martynia annua
Ibicella lutea
Proboscidea louisianica

Mazaceae
Lancea tibetica
Mazus reptans
Mazus pumilis

Oleaceae
Forsynthia intermedia
Cartrema americana
Fraxinus americana
Ligustrum vulgare
Syringa vulgaris

Orobanchaceae
Agalinis linifolia
Epifagus virginiana
Castilleja exserta
Conopholis americana
Orobanche uniflora
Pedicularis canadensis

Paulowniaceae
Brandisia hancei
Paulownia tomentosa
Wightia speciosissima

Pedaliaceae
Ceratotheca triloba
Rogeria longiflora
Sesamum indicum
Uncarina grandidieri

Phrymaceae
Diplacus aurantiacus
Erythranthe gutatta
Phryma leptostachya

Plantaginaceae
Bacopa caroliniana
Digitalis purpurea
Gratiola floridana
Plantago lanceolata
Veronica officinalis

Plocospermataceae
Plocosperma buxifolium

Rehmanniaceae
Rehmannia glutinosa

Schlegeliaceae
Gibsoniothamnus cornutus
Schlegelia brachyantha
Schlegelia parviflora

Scrophulariaceae
Bontia daphnoides
Buddleja davidii
Capraria biflora
Scrophularia marilandica
Verbascum blattaria

Stilbaceae
Nuxia floribunda
Bowkeria gerrardiana
Bowkeria verticillata
Halleria lucida

Tetrachondraceae
Polypremum procumbens

Thomandersiaceae
Thomandersia congolana
Thomandersia hensii
Thomandersia laurifolia

Verbenaceae
Glandularia canadensis
Lantana camara
Lippia graveolens
Verbena hastata

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