TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular phylogenetics of the Macaronesian-endemic genus Bystropogon (Lamiaceae): palaeo-islands, ecological shifts and interisland colonizations JF - Molecular ecology Y1 - 2005 DO - 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02487.x A1 - Jennifer L Trusty A1 - Richard G Olmstead A1 - Arnoldo Santos-Guerra A1 - Susana Sá-Fontinha A1 - Javier Francisco-Ortega SP - 1177–89 KW - DNA: Chloroplast KW - DNA: Ribosomal KW - DNA: Ribosomal Spacer KW - Genetic Variation KW - Geography KW - Lamiaceae KW - Phylogeny KW - Sequence Analysis: DNA AB - Abstract A molecular phylogenetic study of Bystropogon L'Her. (Lamiaceae) is presented. We performed a cladistic analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS), of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, and of the trnL gene and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer of the chloroplast DNA. Bystropogon odoratissimus is the only species endemic to the Canary Islands that occurs in the three palaeo-islands of Tenerife. This species is not part of an early diverging lineage of Bystropogon and we suggest that it has a recent origin. This phylogenetic pattern is followed by most of the species endemic to the palaeo-islands of Tenerife. The two sections currently recognized in Bystropogon form two monophyletic groups. Taxa belonging to the section Bystropogon clade show interisland colonization limited to the Canary Islands with ecological shifts among three ecological zones. Taxa from the section Canariense clade show interisland colonization both within the Canary Islands and between the Canary Islands and Madeira. Speciation events within this clade are mostly limited to the laurel forest. The genus has followed a colonization route from the Canaries towards Madeira. This route has also been followed by at least five other plant genera with species endemic to Macaronesia. Major incongruences were found between the current infrasectional classification and the molecular phylogeny, because the varieties of Bystropogon origanifolius and Bystropogon canariensis do not form two monophyletic groups. The widespread B. origanifolius appears as progenitor of the other species in section Bystropogon with a more restricted distribution. VL - 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Origin of Macaronesian Sideritis L. (Lamioideae: Lamiaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast sequence datasets JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2002 A1 - Janet C Barber A1 - Javier Francisco-Ortega A1 - Arnoldo Santos-Guerra A1 - Kathryn G Turner A1 - Robert K Jansen SP - 293–306 KW - Biological Evolution KW - Cell Nucleus KW - Chloroplasts KW - DNA: Intergenic KW - DNA: Ribosomal KW - Genetic Variation KW - Introns KW - Phylogeny KW - Portugal KW - Sideritis KW - Spain AB - Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae) comprises approximately 150 species of annuals and perennials distributed chiefly in the Mediterranean region. The majority of the species belong to the continental subgenus Sideritis which is divided into two perennial (Sideritis and Empedoclea) and two annual (Hesiodia and Burgsdorfia) sections. Twenty-three species are woody perennials endemic to the Macaronesian archipelagos of Madeira and the Canary Islands. In an effort to determine the continental origin of the insular group, we constructed independent phylogenies comprising sequence data from both chloroplast and nuclear markers. Sampling included 7 island taxa drawn from the Macaronesian subgenus Marrubiastrum and 25 continental taxa representing all four sections of subgenus Sideritis. Subgenus Marrubiastrum and the two continental perennial sections form well-supported monophyletic groups in both individual and combined analyses. The annual sections are not monophyletic in any analysis; further sampling of annual taxa is needed to resolve these relationships. All analyses identified Sideritis cossoniana, an annual species from Morocco, as the closest continental relative of the Macaronesian group. This contrasts with the hypothesis of earlier workers who suggested that the insular taxa were most closely related to eastern Mediterranean species of the genus. The phylogenies also demonstrate a distinct increase in woodiness among the Macaronesian species relative to their continental congeners, providing further support for the secondary nature of woodiness in island plants. VL - 23 UR - http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055-7903(02)00018-0 ER -