TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular phylogeny of Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae) - Taxonomy, biogeography and conflicts JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2010 DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.016 A1 - Christian Braeuchler A1 - Harald Meimberg A1 - Guenther Heubl SP - 501–523 KW - Chloroplast Dna KW - Generic delimitations KW - Genus Bystropogon Lamiaceae KW - Island Colonization KW - Lamiaceae KW - Menthinae KW - Micromeria Lamiaceae KW - Minthostachys Labiatae KW - Molecular phylogeny KW - North-America KW - Nuclear Ribosomal Dna KW - Parsimony Analysis KW - Salvia Lamiaceae KW - Satureja KW - Scrub Mints Lamiaceae AB - Although the subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) is considered to be monophyletic, relationships between tribes, subtribes and genera within the subfamily are poorly understood as complex and possibly homoplasious morphological characters make taxa difficult to delimit. DNA sequence data from three regions (chloroplast: trnK intron; trnL-F; nuclear: ITS) in total including 278 accessions, representing 38 out of 40 genera of subtribe Menthinae and 11 outgroup genera, were used to reconstruct the evolutionary history, test previous hypotheses of classification, explain biogeographic patterns and elucidate character evolution. Using maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian analysis phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data were incongruent, consequently the data were analyzed separately.Both nuclear and chloroplast datasets provide strong support for three major lineages: the "Satureja", "Micromeria" and "Clinopodium" group. The first contains members of Satureja and Gontscharovia. In the second lineage Micromeria s.str. and Origanum were resolved as monophyletic, Pentapleura and Zataria indicated as sister groups. Thymbra includes two species of Satureja turning the latter genus polyphyletic. Thymus is revealed as paraphyletic with respect to Argantoniella and Saccocalyx in both and Origanum in the plastid dataset only. In the third lineage, the Clinopodium-group, branching pattern is highly incongruent among datasets and possibly influenced by recent and ancient hybridization, chloroplast capture and incomplete lineage sorting. However, identical terminal groups are inferred in both analyses. A Madagascan lineage of "Micromeria", sister to the recently described South African Killickia, is suggested to represent a new genus. The Himalayan Clinopodium nepalense group and the tropical African C. abyssinicum alliance are monophyletic but indicated in different positions. Both groups appear in the ITS phylogeny in a clade with Cyclotrichium and Mentha, relationships not suggested previously. The enigmatic Micromeria cymuligera is close to Mentha and possibly is a representative of this genus. Species of Acinos, now regarded as part of Clinopodium, are mixed up with species of Ziziphora, questioning either the inclusion of Acinos in Clinopodium or generic distinctness of Ziziphora. All data sets suggest a monophyly of the New World taxa and argue for long distance dispersal from the Old World, rather than a vicariance explanation. Bystropogon marks the split up between the two lineages. Inclusion of 22 genera intermixed with Clinopodium spp. in the New World clade provides evidence that the current circumscription of the genus is highly unnatural. Low sequence divergence resulting in low phylogenetic resolution especially at the base of the clade indicate a rapid radiation accompanied by considerable ecological diversification and speciation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. VL - 55 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WNH-4YC2XFX-1&_user=2139813&_coverDate=05%252F31%252F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=gateway&_origin=gateway&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000054276&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2139813&md5=d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular evidence for adaptive radiation of Micromeria Benth. (Lamiaceae) on the Canary Islands as inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences and ISSR fingerprint data JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2006 DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.037 A1 - Harald Meimberg A1 - Tilmann Abele A1 - Christian Bräuchler A1 - John K McKay A1 - Pedro L Pérez de Paz A1 - Günther Heubl SP - 566–78 KW - Adaptation: Biological KW - Atlantic Islands KW - Dna Fingerprinting KW - DNA Primers KW - DNA: Chloroplast KW - Genetic Variation KW - Geranyltranstransferase KW - Introns KW - Lamiaceae KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Phylogeny KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Sequence Analysis: DNA AB - The Canary Islands have been a focus for phylogeographic studies on the colonization and diversification of endemic angiosperm taxa. Based on phylogeographic patterns, both inter island colonization and adaptive radiation seem to be the driving forces for speciation in most taxa. Here, we investigated the diversification of Micromeria on the Canary Islands and Madeira at the inter- and infraspecific level using inter simple sequence repeat PCR (ISSR), the trnK-Intron and the trnT-trnL-spacer of the cpDNA and a low copy nuclear gene. The genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae, Mentheae) includes 16 species and 13 subspecies in Macaronesia. Most taxa are restricted endemics, or grow in similar ecological conditions on two islands. An exception is M. varia, a widespread species inhabits the lowland scrub on each island of the archipelago and could represent an ancestral taxon from which radiation started on the different islands. Our analyses support a split between the "eastern" islands Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and Gran Canaria and the "western" islands Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro. The colonization of Madeira started from the western Islands, probably from Tenerife as indicated by the sequence data. We identified two lineages of Micromeria on Gomera but all other islands appear to be colonized by a single lineage, supporting adaptive radiation as the major evolutionary force for the diversification of Micromeria. We also discuss the possible role of gene flow between lineages of different Micromeria species on one island after multiple colonizations. VL - 41 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular evidence for adaptive radiation of Micromeria Benth. (Lamiaceae) on the Canary Islands as inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences and ISSR fingerprint data JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2006 DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.037 A1 - Harald Meimberg A1 - Tilmann Abele A1 - Christian Braeuchler A1 - John K McKay A1 - Pedro L. Perez de Paz A1 - Guenther Heubl SP - 566–578 KW - Adaptive Radiation KW - Amplification KW - Asteraceae KW - Canary Islands KW - Colonization KW - Evolution KW - Fps2 KW - Genera KW - Hybridization KW - Issr Markers KW - Lamiaceae KW - Macaronesia KW - Micromeria KW - Phylogenetics KW - Ribosomal Dna KW - Tenerife KW - Trnk KW - Trnt-F AB - The Canary Islands have been a focus for phylogeographic studies on the colonization and diversification of endemic angiosperm taxa. Based on phylogeographic patterns, both inter island colonization and adaptive radiation seem to be the driving forces for speciation in most taxa. Here, we investigated the diversification of Allicromeria on the Canary Islands and Madeira at the inter- and infraspecific level using inter simple sequence repeat PCR (ISSR), the trnK-Intron and the trnT-trnL-spacer of the cpDNA and a low copy nuclear gene. The genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae, Mentheae) includes 16 species and 13 subspecies in Macaronesia. Most taxa are restricted endemics, or grow in similar ecological-conditions on two islands. An exception is M. varia, a widespread species inhabits the lowland scrub on each island of the archipelago and could represent an ancestral taxon from which radiation started on the different islands. Our analyses support a split between the "eastern" islands Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and Gran Canaria and the "western" islands Tenerife, La, Palma and El Hierro. The colonization of Madeira started from the western Islands, probably from Tenerife as indicated by the sequence data. We identified two lineages of Micromeria on Gomera but all other islands appear to be colonized by a single lineage, supporting adaptive radiation as the major evolutionary force for the diversification of Micromeria. We also discuss the possible role of gene flow between lineages of different Micromeria species on one island after multiple colonizations. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. VL - 41 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WNH-4K48KGN-3&_user=2139813&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000054276&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2139813&md5=2bfd7395b571326788d91322a9646cec ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular phylogeny of Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae)–taxonomy, biogeography and conflicts JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2010 A1 - Christian Bräuchler A1 - Harald Meimberg A1 - Günther Heubl SP - 501–523 KW - Generic delimitations KW - Lamiaceae KW - Menthinae KW - Molecular phylogeny KW - Satureja AB - Although the subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) is considered to be monophyletic, relationships between tribes, subtribes and genera within the subfamily are poorly understood as complex and possi- bly homoplasious morphological characters make taxa difficult to delimit. DNA sequence data from three regions (chloroplast: trnK intron; trnL-F; nuclear: ITS) in total including 278 accessions, representing 38 out of 40 genera of subtribe Menthinae and 11 outgroup genera, were used to reconstruct the evolution- ary history, test previous hypotheses of classification, explain biogeographic patterns and elucidate char- acter evolution. Using maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian analysis phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data were incongruent, consequently the data were analyzed separately. Both nuclear and chloroplast datasets provide strong support for three major lineages: the ``Satureja'', ``Micromeria'' and ``Clinopodium'' group. The first contains members of Satureja and Gontscharovia. In the second lineage Micromeria s.str. and Origanum were resolved as monophyletic, Pentapleura and Zataria indicated as sister groups. Thymbra includes two species of Satureja turning the latter genus polyphyletic. Thymus is revealed as paraphyletic with respect to Argantoniella and Saccocalyx in both and Origanum in the plastid dataset only. In the third lineage, the Clinopodium-group, branching pattern is highly incon- gruent among datasets and possibly influenced by recent and ancient hybridization, chloroplast capture and incomplete lineage sorting. However, identical terminal groups are inferred in both analyses. A Madagascan lineage of ``Micromeria'', sister to the recently described South African Killickia, is suggested to represent a new genus. The Himalayan Clinopodium nepalense group and the tropical African C. abyssinicum alliance are monophyletic but indicated in different positions. Both groups appear in the ITS phylogeny in a clade with Cyclotrichium and Mentha, relationships not suggested previously. The enig- matic Micromeria cymuligera is close to Mentha and possibly is a representative of this genus. Species of Acinos, now regarded as part of Clinopodium, are mixed up with species of Ziziphora, questioning either the inclusion of Acinos in Clinopodium or generic distinctness of Ziziphora. All data sets suggest a mono- phyly of the New World taxa and argue for long distance dispersal from the Old World, rather than a vicariance explanation. Bystropogon marks the split up between the two lineages. Inclusion of 22 genera intermixed with Clinopodium spp. in the New World clade provides evidence that the current circum- scription of the genus is highly unnatural. Low sequence divergence resulting in low phylogenetic reso- lution especially at the base of the clade indicate a rapid radiation accompanied by considerable ecological diversification and speciation. VL - 55 ER -