02647nas a2200277   4500008004100000245015100041210006900192260000800261300001400269490000700283520165900290653002101949653001901970653002601989653002202015653001402037653001402051653001402065653002702079100002402106700002502130700002702155700002502182700002902207856013302236       2005                        eng d00aMolecular phylogenetics of the Macaronesian-endemic genus Bystropogon (Lamiaceae): palaeo-islands, ecological shifts and interisland colonizations0 aMolecular phylogenetics of the Macaronesianendemic genus Bystrop  cApr  a1177–890 v143 aAbstract A molecular phylogenetic study of Bystropogon L'Her. (Lamiaceae) is presented. We performed a cladistic analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS), of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, and of the trnL gene and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer of the chloroplast DNA. Bystropogon odoratissimus is the only species endemic to the Canary Islands that occurs in the three palaeo-islands of Tenerife. This species is not part of an early diverging lineage of Bystropogon and we suggest that it has a recent origin. This phylogenetic pattern is followed by most of the species endemic to the palaeo-islands of Tenerife. The two sections currently recognized in Bystropogon form two monophyletic groups. Taxa belonging to the section Bystropogon clade show interisland colonization limited to the Canary Islands with ecological shifts among three ecological zones. Taxa from the section Canariense clade show interisland colonization both within the Canary Islands and between the Canary Islands and Madeira. Speciation events within this clade are mostly limited to the laurel forest. The genus has followed a colonization route from the Canaries towards Madeira. This route has also been followed by at least five other plant genera with species endemic to Macaronesia. Major incongruences were found between the current infrasectional classification and the molecular phylogeny, because the varieties of Bystropogon origanifolius and Bystropogon canariensis do not form two monophyletic groups. The widespread B. origanifolius appears as progenitor of the other species in section Bystropogon with a more restricted distribution.10aDNA: Chloroplast10aDNA: Ribosomal10aDNA: Ribosomal Spacer10aGenetic Variation10aGeography10aLamiaceae10aPhylogeny10aSequence Analysis: DNA1 aTrusty, Jennifer, L1 aOlmstead, Richard, G1 aSantos-Guerra, Arnoldo1 aSá-Fontinha, Susana1 aFrancisco-Ortega, Javier  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/molecular-phylogenetics-macaronesian-endemic-genus-bystropogon-lamiaceae-palaeo-islands03410nas a2200289   4500008004100000245014600041210006900187260000800256300001300264490000800277520240500285653002802690653002402718653002302742653002002765653001902785653002802804653002402832653001702856653002102873653001902894653001402913100002102927700002102948700002002969856013102989       2005                        eng d00aMonoterpene metabolism. Cloning, expression, and characterization of (-)-isopiperitenol/(-)-carveol dehydrogenase of peppermint and spearmint0 aMonoterpene metabolism Cloning expression and characterization o  cMar  a863–720 v1373 aThe essential oils of peppermint (Mentha x piperita) and spearmint (Mentha spicata) are distinguished by the oxygenation position on the p-menthane ring of the constitutive monoterpenes that is conferred by two regiospecific cytochrome P450 limonene-3- and limonene-6-hydroxylases. Following hydroxylation of limonene, an apparently similar dehydrogenase oxidizes (-)-trans-isopiperitenol to (-)-isopiperitenone in peppermint and (-)-trans-carveol to (-)-carvone in spearmint. Random sequencing of a peppermint oil gland secretory cell cDNA library revealed a large number of clones that specified redox-type enzymes, including dehydrogenases. Full-length dehydrogenase clones were screened by functional expression in Escherichia coli using a recently developed in situ assay. A single full-length acquisition encoding (-)-trans-isopiperitenol dehydrogenase (ISPD) was isolated. The (-)-ISPD cDNA has an open reading frame of 795 bp that encodes a 265-residue enzyme with a calculated molecular mass of 27,191. Nondegenerate primers were designed based on the (-)-trans-ISPD cDNA sequence and employed to screen a spearmint oil gland secretory cell cDNA library from which a 5'-truncated cDNA encoding the spearmint homolog, (-)-trans-carveol-dehydrogenase, was isolated. Reverse transcription-PCR amplification and RACE were used to acquire the remaining 5'-sequence from RNA isolated from oil gland secretory cells of spearmint leaf. The full-length spearmint dehydrogenase shares >99% amino acid identity with its peppermint homolog and both dehydrogenases are capable of utilizing (-)-trans-isopiperitenol and (-)-trans-carveol. These isopiperitenol/carveol dehydrogenases are members of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and are related to other plant short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases involved in secondary metabolism (lignan biosynthesis), stress responses, and phytosteroid biosynthesis, but they are quite dissimilar (approximately 13% identity) to the monoterpene reductases of mint involved in (-)-menthol biosynthesis. The isolation of the genes specifying redox enzymes of monoterpene biosynthesis in mint indicates that these genes arose from different ancestors and not by simple duplication and differentiation of a common progenitor, as might have been anticipated based on the common reaction chemistry and structural similarity of the substrate monoterpenes.10aAlcohol Oxidoreductases10aAmino Acid Sequence10aCloning: Molecular10aMentha piperita10aMentha spicata10aMolecular Sequence Data10aMolecular Structure10aMonoterpenes10aMultigene Family10aOils: Volatile10aPhylogeny1 aRinger, Kerry, L1 aDavis, Edward, M1 aCroteau, Rodney  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/monoterpene-metabolism-cloning-expression-and-characterization-isopiperitenol-carveol01804nas a2200313   4500008004100000245013200041210006900173260000800242300001400250490000700264520079600271653001601067653001501083653001201098653001601110653001901126653001401145653001001159653001601169653001401185653001601199653003001215653002701245653002201272653001701294100002401311700002201335856013301357       2005                        eng d00aDistribution of dominant arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi among five plant species in undisturbed vegetation of a coastal grassland0 aDistribution of dominant arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi among five  cNov  a497–5030 v153 aMost plant species in mixed grassland vegetation are colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Previous studies have reported differences in host preferences among AM fungi, although the fungi are known to lack host specificity. In the present study, the distribution of phylogenetic groups of AM fungi belonging to a clade of Glomus species was studied in five plant species from a coastal grassland in Denmark. The occurrence of the fungi was determined by PCR analyses of fungal large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences amplified from root fragments using a specific primer set. The results showed that the dominant Glomus species were able to colonize all the studied plant species, supporting the view that the AM fungi represent a large underground interconnecting mycelial network.10aAngiosperms10aAsteraceae10aDenmark10aDNA: Fungal10aDNA: Ribosomal10aEcosystem10aFungi10aMycorrhizae10aPhylogeny10aPlant Roots10aPolymerase Chain Reaction10aSequence Analysis: DNA10aSequence Homology10aThymus Plant1 aStukenbrock, Eva, H1 aRosendahl, Søren  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/distribution-dominant-arbuscular-mycorrhizal-fungi-among-five-plant-species-undisturbed02290nas a2200277   4500008004100000245016300041210006900204260000800273300001300281490000800294520131300302653001501615653002301630653002301653653001501676653004001691653001401731653001401745653003901759653001701798100001501815700001201830700001501842700001701857856013801874       2005                        eng d00aCentromere-specific repetitive sequences from Torenia, a model plant for interspecific fertilization, and whole-mount FISH of its interspecific hybrid embryos0 aCentromerespecific repetitive sequences from Torenia a model pla  cJan  a228–350 v1093 aTorenia fournieri is a good model plant to study fertilization in plants because it is easy to observe the fertilization process due to the protruding nature of the embryo sac. To study the location and movement of chromosomes and their centromeres in early embryogenesis of interspecific hybrid plants, we isolated two families of centromere-specific tandem repetitive sequences from T. fournieri and T. bailonii, and named them the "TCEN-family" and "BCEN-family", respectively. Both sequences consisted of a repeat unit of 52 bp located in the pericentric and centric heterochromatins. All signals of both sequences were prominent, but their intensity varied among the chromosomes. DNA-blot hybridization indicated the presence of similar sequences of TCEN-family in T. concolor, N. caerulea, and "Summer Wave", whereas the BCEN-family was found only in T. bailonii, thus indicating the wide or specific distribution of their repetitive families observed. We also applied whole-mount FISH to the interspecific hybrid embryos by using TCEN- and BCEN-family sequences as probes. Our results suggest that whole-mount FISH with the species-specific centromere sequences as probes is an ideal method to analyze the dynamics of chromosomes and centromeres in interspecific fertilization and early embryogenesis.10aCentromere10aChromosomes: Plant10aCloning: Molecular10aDNA: Plant10aIn Situ Hybridization: Fluorescence10aLamiaceae10aPhylogeny10aRepetitive Sequences: Nucleic Acid10aReproduction1 aKikuchi, S1 aKish, M1 aShimizu, M1 aTsujimoto, H  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/centromere-specific-repetitive-sequences-torenia-model-plant-interspecific-fertilization-and02356nas a2200289   4500008004100000245008600041210006900127260000800196300001400204490000700218520152600225653001601751653001801767653001101785653001301796653001401809653001501823653002401838653001401862653000901876653001101885100001701896700001601913700001301929700001301942856011101955       2005                        eng d00aPolyphyly of the genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae) - evidence from cpDNA sequence data0 aPolyphyly of the genus Micromeria Lamiaceae evidence from cpDNA   cJan  a639–6500 v543 aMicromeria Benth. (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideac) is a very common genus in the Mediterranean region. To test the monophyly of the genus and to elucidate its phylogenetic placement within subtribe Menthinae (Dumort) Endl, of tribe Mentheae Dumort we performed parsimony analysis of trnK intron sequence data of 51 accessions representing 15 genera of Nepetoideae and two genera of subfamily Ajugoideae. Tree topology reveals a well-supported "core group" indicating four distinct lineages. The first one comprises three species of Satureja L. s.str., the second one includes taxa of the genus Clinopodium L. from both the Old and the New World, paraphyletic with respect to Monarda L. and two species of Micromeria section Pseudomelissa Benth. A third group contains all samples of the remaining Micromeria species. Within this monophyly, a western lineage including taxa, from NW Africa, the Balearic, and the Canary Islands, is sister to an eastern lineage with species distributed from SE Asia to the western Mediterranean. In a further clade the genera Thymbra L., Thymus L., and Origanum L. are grouped together. Combined analysis using a reduced dataset of trnK/trnL-F sequences increased support for the infrageneric resolution within Micromeria. Based on the phylogenetic reconstructions there is evidence that the genus as currently circumscribed is polyphyletic. Results are discussed in the context of morphology, karyology, and biogeography, outlining the necessity of removing section Pseudomelissa from Micromeria.10aClinopodium10aDna-Sequences10aGenera10aLabiatae10aLamiaceae10aMicromeria10aMolecular phylogeny10aPolyphyly10aTrnk10atrnL-F1 aBrauchler, C1 aMeimberg, H1 aAbele, T1 aHeubl, G  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/polyphyly-genus-micromeria-lamiaceae-evidence-cpdna-sequence-data00669nas a2200157   4500008004100000245015000041210006900191300001600260490000700276100001500283700001700298700002100315700001900336700002400355856013200379       2005                        eng d00aMolecular phylogenetics of the Macaronesian-endemic genus Bystropogon(Lamiaceae): palaeo-islands, ecological shifts and interisland colonizations0 aMolecular phylogenetics of the Macaronesianendemic genus Bystrop  a1177–11890 v141 aTrusty, JL1 aOLMSTEAD, RG1 aSantos-Guerra, A1 aSa-Fontinha, S1 aFrancisco-Ortega, J  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/molecular-phylogenetics-macaronesian-endemic-genus-bystropogonlamiaceae-palaeo-islands00538nas a2200145   4500008004100000245008600041210006900127300000800196490000700204100001600211700001500227700001500242700001700257856011800274       2005                        eng d00aHow much data are needed to resolve a difficult phylogeny? Case study in Lamiales0 aHow much data are needed to resolve a difficult phylogeny Case s  a6970 v541 aWortley, AH1 aRudall, PJ1 aHarris, DJ1 aScotland, RW  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/how-much-data-are-needed-resolve-difficult-phylogeny-case-study-lamiales03043nas a2200337   4500008004100000245015400041210006900195260000800264300000600272490000600278520194000284653001202224653002402236653002302260653002302283653001802306653002002324653001002344653001402354653001002368653002102378653001402399653002602413653002402439653002302463100002102486700001702507700002602524700002102550856013402571       2005                        eng d00aPopulation dynamics of the Teak defoliator (Hyblaea puera Cramer) in Nilambur teak plantations using Randomly Amplified Gene Encoding Primers (RAGEP)0 aPopulation dynamics of the Teak defoliator Hyblaea puera Cramer   cJan  a10 v53 aBACKGROUND: The Teak defoliator (Hyblaea puera) is a pest moth of teak woodlands in India and other tropical regions (e.g. Thailand) and is of major economic significance. This pest is of major concern as it is involved in complete defoliation of trees during the early part of the growing season. Defoliation does not kill teak trees, but it results in huge amount of timber loss. Teak defoliator outbreaks are a regular annual feature in most teak plantations in India and it is extremely difficult to predict the exact time and place of occurrence of these outbreaks. Evidence from the study of the population dynamics of H. puera indicated habitual, short range movements of emerging moth populations, suggesting that these populations have spread to larger areas, generation after generation, affecting the entire teak plantations. We were therefore interested in investigating the temporal and spatial relationship among various population groups in Nilambur, Kerala (India) and address the cause of outbreak at the landscape level. RESULTS: The populations were classified into 'endemic', 'epicenter' and 'epidemic' populations based on the time of occurrence and size of infestation. We devised a novel method of screening nuclear and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms using Randomly Amplified Gene Encoding Primers (RAGEP). We have used this method extensively to evaluate the species specificity, reproducibility and to discriminate among the three different characterised populations of teak defoliator. CONCLUSIONS: This method also allowed us to comment with some certainty that the endemic teak defoliator, H. puera do not play a major role in contributing to large-scale infestations. With respect to the hypotheses put forward regarding the origin of outbreaks of the moth, this study confirms the role of migration in outbreak causation, while negating the belief that endemic populations aggregate to cause an epidemic.10aAnimals10aCrops: Agricultural10aDna Fingerprinting10aDNA: Mitochondrial10aGenes: Insect10aGenetic Markers10aIndia10aLamiaceae10aMoths10aNuclear Proteins10aPhylogeny10aPolymorphism: Genetic10aPopulation Dynamics10aRepressor Proteins1 aChandrasekhar, N1 aSajeev, T, V1 aSudheendrakumar, V, V1 aBanerjee, Moinak  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/population-dynamics-teak-defoliator-hyblaea-puera-cramer-nilambur-teak-plantations-using02506nas a2200373   4500008004100000245009700041210006900138260000800207300001600215490000700231520119500238653002601433653001701459653001501476653002701491653001901518653001601537653002201553653003701575653001701612653002601629653001901655653002901674653002401703653003001727100001701757700001401774700001701788700002101805700001401826700001601840700001601856856026001872       2005                        eng d00aAcaricidal and cytotoxic activities of extracts from selected genera of Australian Lamiaceae0 aAcaricidal and cytotoxic activities of extracts from selected ge  cJan  a1259–12660 v983 aCrude foliar extracts of 67 species from six subfamilies of Australian Lamiaceae were screened by whole organism contact toxicity on the polyphagous mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) by using a Potter precision spray tower. Cytotoxicity assessments against insect cell lines from Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) also were made. The Spodoptera cell line was more susceptible to extracts than the Drosophila cell line. No direct correlation was observed between the two screening methods, but several interesting relationships were identified. Extracts from subfamilies Ajugoideae, Scutellarioideae, Chloanthoideae, Viticoideae and Nepetoideae showed acaricidal activity, whereas only those from Ajugoideae and Nepetoideae displayed potent cytotoxic effects. A range of activities was observed for the 25 species of Plectranthus, 14 of which showed moderate-to-high contact toxicity against T. urticae. Overall, the lowest toxicity was observed for extracts from the plant subfamily Prostantheroideae, which showed little contact toxicity or cytotoxicity for the 18 extracts studied.10a2-Spotted Spider-Mite10aAjuga Plants10aCell-Lines10aClerodane Diterpenoids10aEssential Oils10aGlossocarya10aInsect Cell Lines10aNeoclerodane Insect Antifeedants10aPlectranthus10aPlectranthus-Barbatus10aPredatory Mite10aScutellaria-Galericulata10aTetranychus Urticae10aTetranychus-Urticae Acari1 aRasikari, HL1 aLeach, DN1 aWaterman, PG1 aSpooner-Hart, RN1 aBasta, AH1 aBanbury, LK1 aForster, PI  uhttp://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS&action=retrieve&SrcApp=Papers&UT=000231056100025&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5&SrcAuth=mekentosj&mode=FullRecord&customersID=mekentosj&DestFail=http%253A%252F%252Faccess.isiproducts.com%252Fcustom_image01992nas a2200277   4500008004100000245007800041210006900119260000800188300001400196490000800210520117000218653001001388653001501398653001801413653001401431653002801445653001401473653001901487653001701506653003001523100001301553700001101566700001101577700001201588856011401600       2005                        eng d00aStachytarpheta leaf curl virus is a novel monopartite begomovirus species0 aStachytarpheta leaf curl virus is a novel monopartite begomoviru  cNov  a2257–700 v1503 aBegomovirus isolates were obtained from Stachytarpheta jamaicensis plants showing leaf curl and chlorosis symptoms collected in the Hainan province of China. The complete sequences of isolates Hn5-4, Hn6-1, Hn30 and Hn34 were determined to be 2748, 2751, 2748 and 2748 nucleotides long, respectively. The complete sequences of the four isolates share more than 94.9% nucleotide sequence identity, but all of them have less than 86% nucleotide sequence identity with other reported begomoviruses. The molecular data show that Hn5-4, Hn6-1, Hn30 and Hn34 are isolates of a distinct begomovirus species, for which the name Stachytarpheta leaf curl virus (StaLCV) is proposed. PCR and Southern blot analyses demonstrate that all the collected field samples are not associated with DNAbeta or DNA-B components. An infectious clone of StaLCV isolate Hn5-4 was constructed, and could efficiently infect Nicotiana benthamiana, N. tabacum Samsun, N. glutinosa, Lycopersicon esculentum and Petunia hybrida plants, inducing upward leaf roll and vein swelling symptoms. In addition, we illustrate that StaLCV can functionally interact with distinct DNAbeta molecules in plants.10aChina10aDNA: Viral10aGeminiviridae10aLamiaceae10aMolecular Sequence Data10aPhylogeny10aPlant Diseases10aPlant Leaves10aPolymerase Chain Reaction1 aXiong, Q1 aFan, S1 aGuo, X1 aZhou, X  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/stachytarpheta-leaf-curl-virus-novel-monopartite-begomovirus-species