@article {Scheen:2008p3207, title = {Molecular phylogenetics of tribe Synandreae, a North American lineage of lamioid mints (Lamiaceae)}, journal = {Cladistics}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, year = {2008}, month = {Jan}, pages = {299{\textendash}314}, abstract = {The five mint genera Brazoria, Macbridea, Physostegia, Synandra and Warnockia (Lamioideae: Lamiaceae) are all North American endemics. Together with the monotypic European genus Melittis and the Asian genus Chelonopsis, these taxa have been classified as subtribe Melittidinae. Previous morphological studies have failed to uncover synapomorphic characters for this group. We sequenced the plastid trnL-trnF region and trnS-trnG spacer and the nuclear ribosomal 5S non-transcribed spacer (5S-NTS) to assess phylogenetic relationships within Melittidinae. Standard parsimony and direct optimization (POY) analyses show Melittis, the type genus of the subtribe, as sister to Stachys. Thus, the monophyly of subtribe Melittidinae is not supported either by molecular or morphological data. However, the North American endemics form a monophyletic group that can be recognized as the recircumscribed tribe Synandreae. The molecular relationships among these genera are corroborated by both morphological and cytological data. The expected close relationship between the south-central endemics Warnockia and Brazoria and their sister relationship to the widespread genus Physostegia is confirmed. Nevertheless, most of the North American endemics are restricted to the south-east of the continent. Dispersal westwards and northwards is correlated with an increase in chromosome numbers. No specific Eurasian origin (i.e., transatlantic or transpacific) can be determined, but Synandreae are clearly distinct from the large Stachys clade, and therefore represent a separate migration into North America. (C) The Willi Hennig Society 2007.}, keywords = {Amplification, Eastern Asia, Evolution, Intercontinental Biogeography, Multiple Sequence Alignment, Noncoding Chloroplast Dna, Origin, Regions, Subtribe Melittidinae Labiatae, Systematic Implications}, doi = {10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00180.x}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00180.x/abstract;jsessionid=5ED30F44114BA288929A5E842D09A1DC.d02t01}, author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Charlotte Lindqvist and Carl G Fossdal and Victor A Albert} } @article {WAGSTAFF:1995p916, title = {Parsimony Analysis of cpDNA Restriction Site Variation in Subfamily Nepetoideae (Labiatae)}, journal = {Am J Bot}, volume = {82}, number = {7}, year = {1995}, month = {Jan}, pages = {886{\textendash}892}, abstract = {Parsimony analysis of cpDNA restriction site variation supports monophyly of subfamily Nepetoideae, However, a close relationship among Nepetoideae and other gynobasic-styled Labiatae is not supported, indicating that a gynobasic style has evolved independently in at least two clades of Labiatae. The inferred relationships are congruent with the classification of Cantino, Harley, and Wagstaff (1992, Advances in labiate sciences, 27-37, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) but conflict to varying degrees with traditional classifications. Monophyly of four tribes of Nepetoideae also is supported.}, keywords = {Classification, Dna, Evolution, Lamiaceae, Phylogeny}, author = {SJ WAGSTAFF and RG OLMSTEAD and PD CANTINO} } @article {Prather:2002p1092, title = {Monophyly and phylogeny of Monarda (Lamiaceae): Evidence from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA}, journal = {Systematic Botany}, volume = {27}, number = {1}, year = {2002}, month = {Jan}, pages = {127{\textendash}137}, abstract = {The phylogenetic relationships of the 16 species of Monarda (Lamiaceae) were investigated using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Thymus and Mentha were used as outgroups, and Blephilia, Clinopodium, Conradina, Hesperozygis, Monardella, Pycnanthemum, and Ziziphora were included in the ingroup to test the monophyly of Monarda. Two parsimony searches were performed after removing redundant sequences from the analysis: one with indels scored as missing and a second with indels treated as binary characters, Both searches yielded congruent results, but the treatment of indels as binary characters resulted in considerably more resolution within Monarda. There was strong support for the monophyly of Monarda and a close relationship was found between Monarda, Blephilia, and Pycnanthemum. The molecular phylogeny was completely congruent with the infrageneric classification of the genus. Our results were consistent with hypotheses of hybridization between M. fistulosa and M. lindheimeri in Texas. Despite considerable morphological variation among many species, especially in floral characters, little molecular diversification was found in those same species groups. Intraspecific polymorphism in ITS sequence was found in over half the species examined, and may be attributable to ancestral polymorphism, hybridization, or detection of paralogous loci.}, keywords = {Classification, Evolution, Gene Trees, Islands, Labiatae, Molecular Systematics, Most-Parsimonious Trees, Patterns, Sequence Data, Species Trees}, url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000174306000012\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image}, author = {LA Prather and AK Monfils and AL Posto and RA Williams} } @article {Moon:2010p2761, title = {Phylogeny of tribe Mentheae (Lamiaceae): The story of molecules and micromorphological characters}, journal = {Taxon}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, year = {2010}, month = {Jan}, pages = {1065{\textendash}1076}, abstract = {Mentheae are the largest tribe in the family Lamiaceae and economically important, including herbs like mint, sage and thyme. The evolutionary history of this tribe was reconstructed based on ITS and trnL-trnF spacer sequence data of 71 species, representing. 47 out of 65 genera. The resulting phylogeny was used to analyse the distribution of selected morphological characteristics such as sexine ornamentation of pollen, nutlet shape with existence of abscission scar and its form, and trichome types. Two monophyletic groups are recognized, which largely correspond to the current subtribal circumscription. Subtribe Salviinae is monophyletic, including the genus Melissa which was a genus of uncertain affinity in Mentheae. Subtribe Menthinae is not monophyletic since Cleonia, Horminum, Hyssopus, Lycopus and Prunella are more closely related with subtribe Nepetinae. Although we could not detect any morphological synapomorphies for each clade, morphological variation seems to be correlated with the molecular phylogeny. A circular abscission scar without distinct lateral areole occurred mainly in Salviinae, while the majority of the species of Mentheae and Nepetinae had a clear areole at the abscission scar. In addition, a reticulate sexine ornamentation is rather common in the Menthinae clade.}, keywords = {Anatomy, Dna, Evolution, Inference, Labiatae, Lamiaceae, Mentheae, Micromorphology, Morphology, Nepetoideae Lamiaceae, Phylogeny, Salvia Lamiaceae, Sequence Data, Verbenaceae}, author = {Hye-Kyoung Moon and Erik Smets and Suzy Huysmans} } @article {ElOualidi:1999p704, title = {Utility of rDNA ITS sequences in the systematics of Teucrium section Polium (Lamiaceae)}, journal = {Plant Syst Evol}, volume = {215}, number = {1-4}, year = {1999}, month = {Jan}, pages = {49{\textendash}70}, abstract = {A phylogenetic study based on sequence data from the complete internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA for sect. Polium of the genus Teucrium shows both intersectional congruence and intrasectional incongruence with traditional morphological classifications. We attribute this incongruence largely to problems related to the polyploid complex studied. Section Polium includes many poorly differentiated taxa of probable recent origin through hybridization followed by polyploidization. Both on the basis of parsimony and distance (Neighbor-Joining method) analyses, T. dunense and T. thymifolium are the species that diverge most from the sampled taxa. However, unlike T. thymifolium, the morphology of ir: dunense is not much differentiated in relation to the other taxa. Both species are, nonetheless, the only sampled species to occupy isolated, exclusive environments and which may have undergone rapid evolution by a bottleneck effect. Teucrium dunense is found only on dunes along the Spanish and French coasts and ir: thymifolium, a chasmophytic species with limited endemism, is found solely on limestone and dolomite cliffs in the low mountains in south-eastern Spain. A hypothesis is presented to explain the discrepancy between the observed comparatively large amount of ITS sequence divergence and the low morphological differentiation in T. dunense.}, keywords = {Evolution, Internal Transcribed Spacer Region (Its), Labiatae, Lamiaceae, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Nucleotide-Sequences, Phylogenetic Analysis, Phylogeny, Polyploid Complex, Populations, Rbcl, Sect. Polium, Teucrium, Transcribed Spacer Sequences, Trees}, author = {J El Oualidi and O Verneau and S Puech and JY Dubuisson} } @article {Meimberg:2006p1117, title = {Molecular evidence for adaptive radiation of Micromeria Benth. (Lamiaceae) on the Canary Islands as inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences and ISSR fingerprint data}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {41}, number = {3}, year = {2006}, month = {Jan}, pages = {566{\textendash}578}, abstract = {The Canary Islands have been a focus for phylogeographic studies on the colonization and diversification of endemic angiosperm taxa. Based on phylogeographic patterns, both inter island colonization and adaptive radiation seem to be the driving forces for speciation in most taxa. Here, we investigated the diversification of Allicromeria on the Canary Islands and Madeira at the inter- and infraspecific level using inter simple sequence repeat PCR (ISSR), the trnK-Intron and the trnT-trnL-spacer of the cpDNA and a low copy nuclear gene. The genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae, Mentheae) includes 16 species and 13 subspecies in Macaronesia. Most taxa are restricted endemics, or grow in similar ecological-conditions on two islands. An exception is M. varia, a widespread species inhabits the lowland scrub on each island of the archipelago and could represent an ancestral taxon from which radiation started on the different islands. Our analyses support a split between the "eastern" islands Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and Gran Canaria and the "western" islands Tenerife, La, Palma and El Hierro. The colonization of Madeira started from the western Islands, probably from Tenerife as indicated by the sequence data. We identified two lineages of Micromeria on Gomera but all other islands appear to be colonized by a single lineage, supporting adaptive radiation as the major evolutionary force for the diversification of Micromeria. We also discuss the possible role of gene flow between lineages of different Micromeria species on one island after multiple colonizations. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {Adaptive Radiation, Amplification, Asteraceae, Canary Islands, Colonization, Evolution, Fps2, Genera, Hybridization, Issr Markers, Lamiaceae, Macaronesia, Micromeria, Phylogenetics, Ribosomal Dna, Tenerife, Trnk, Trnt-F}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.037}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL\&_udi=B6WNH-4K48KGN-3\&_user=2139813\&_rdoc=1\&_fmt=\&_orig=search\&_sort=d\&_docanchor=\&view=c\&_acct=C000054276\&_version=1\&_urlVersion=0\&_userid=2139813\&md5=2bfd7395b571326788d91322a9646cec}, author = {Harald Meimberg and Tilmann Abele and Christian Braeuchler and John K McKay and Pedro L. Perez de Paz and Guenther Heubl} } @article {Bendiksby:2011p3196, title = {An updated phylogeny and classification of Lamiaceae subfamily Lamioideae}, journal = {Taxon}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, year = {2011}, month = {Jan}, pages = {471{\textendash}484}, abstract = {Lamioideae comprise the second-largest subfamily in Lamiaceae. Although considerable progress has recently been made in Lamioideae phylogenetics, the subfamily remains one of the most poorly investigated subfamilies in Lamiaceae. Here we present a taxonomic update of the subfamily based on earlier published data as well as 71 new DNA extracts from relevant in- and outgroup taxa, and DNA sequence data from four chloroplast regions (matK, rps16, trnL intron and trnL-F spacer). The phylogenetic positions of 10 out of 13 previously unplaced small or monotypic Asian lamioid genera and 37 additional lamioid species have been identified, and the classification is updated accordingly. Results from parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic methods corroborate earlier results, but phylogenetic resolution as well as overall branch support are improved. All newly added genera are assigned to earlier established tribes or the new tribe Paraphlomideae Bendiksby, which includes Ajugoides, Matsumurella and Paraphlomis. Acanthoprasium is resurrected as a genus. Transfer of species is proposed to accommodate the monophyly of two genera (Lamium, Otostegia), whereas ten genera remain non-monophyletic (Ballota s.str., Lagopsis, Leonotis, Leonurus, Leucas, Microtoena, Phlomoides, Sideritis, Stachys, Thuspeinanta). Eriophyton and Stachyopsis have been included in Lamieae, Hypogomphia in Stachydeae, and Loxocalyx in Leonureae. Betonica, Colquhounia, Galeopsis, and Roylea remain unclassified at the tribal level. Lamium chinense and three East Asian Galeobdolon species are transferred to Matsumurella. Sulaimania and four Otostegia species are transferred to Moluccella. Alajja and three Lamium species are transferred to Eriophyton. In total, 14 new combinations are made, one at the rank of subgenus and 13 at the rank of species.}, keywords = {Acanthoprasium, Chloroplast Sequence Datasets, Classification, Dna, Eriophyton, Evolution, Hawaiian Endemic Mints, Labiatae, Lamiaceae, Lamioideae, Matsumurella, Molecular Phylogenetics, Moluccella, Nuclear, Origin, Paraphlomideae, Pericarp Structure, Sideritis Lamiaceae}, url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?SID=2B\%2540kNem2NICHnHfl3PI\&product=WOS\&UT=000289587100015\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_images\%252Fwok5_failed_auth.html\&Init=Yes\&action=retrieve\&SrcAuth=meken}, author = {Mika Bendiksby and Lisbeth Thorbek and Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Charlotte Lindqvist and Olof Ryding} } @article {Moon:2009p250, title = {Phylogenetic significance of leaf micromorphology and anatomy in the tribe Mentheae (Nepetoideae: Lamiaceae)}, journal = {Bot J Linn Soc}, volume = {160}, number = {2}, year = {2009}, month = {Jan}, pages = {211{\textendash}231}, abstract = {A comparative micromorphological study of leaves was carried out on 102 species of Mentheae; 61 species were selected for the anatomical study. Mentheae possessed both amphistomatic and hypostomatic leaves. The diversity of leaf epidermal characteristics was based on the variation in morphology of epidermal cells, stomata types and trichome types. Although each characteristic on its own has rather limited systematic value, the combination of some of these features may be systematically relevant, especially for the identification of species. For example, branched multicellular nonglandular trichomes were a diagnostic characteristic for all genera investigated of the subtribe Salviinae; however, this trichome type was also observed in Hedeoma ciliolata and Neoeplingia leucophylloides of the subtribe Menthinae. Capitate glandular trichomes with pear-shaped heads were only observed in Salvia dorrii. Subsessile glandular trichomes with multicellular heads (more than ten cells) were an apomorphy for Perovskia. The anatomical leaf structure was consistent throughout the tribe. In some species, the vascular bundles in the midrib were modified into a mechanical tissue, which is an adaptation to xerophytic environments. The observed variations are discussed in an ecological context and their phylogenetic significance is evaluated. (C) 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 160, 211-231.}, keywords = {Epidermal Characters, Epidermis, Essential Oil, Evolution, Genus, Glandular Hairs, Labiatae, Leaves, Monarda-Fistulosa, Morphology, Phylogenetics, Stomata, Systematics, Trichome, Trichomes, Vascular Bundle}, doi = {10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00979.x}, author = {Hye-Kyoung Moon and Suk-Pyo Hong and Erik Smets and Suzy Huysmans} } @article {Scheen:2009p3205, title = {Molecular Phylogenetics of the Leucas Group (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)}, journal = {Systematic Botany}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {Jan}, pages = {173{\textendash}181}, abstract = {The genus Leucas R.Br. includes 100 recognized species ranging in distribution from Africa through the Indian subcontinent to Queensland, Australia. Morphological cladistic studies have suggested that several other genera of Lamioideae - Acrotome, Isoleucas, Leonotis, and Otostegia (pro parte) - may be closely related to Leucas, or even nested within it. Here we use phylogenetic analysis of three plastid DNA loci, the trnL-F region, trnS-G spacer, and the rps16 intron and reach similar conclusions. Many of the morphological features used to maintain Leucas since 1810 are shared ancestral (symplesiomorphic) characters. The other genera (or subgeneric group in the case of Otostegia) are therefore defined by apomorphic states. This is particularly apparent in the case of Leonotis, with its highly specialized bird-pollinated flowers, derived within a paraphyletic and insect-pollinated Leucas. Some geographically isolated groups are monophyletic, including all Asian species of Leucas, a Socotran clade, and a large African lineage.}, keywords = {Amplification, Biogeography, Chloroplast Dna, Evolution, Labiatae, Mints, Parsimony, Regions, Rps16, Trnl-Trnf, Trns-Trng}, url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?SID=2B\%2540kNem2NICHnHfl3PI\&product=WOS\&UT=000263801200018\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_images\%252Fwok5_failed_auth.html\&Init=Yes\&action=retrieve\&SrcAuth=meken}, author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Victor A Albert} } @article {Katsiotis:2009p1110, title = {Phylogenetic relationships in Origanum spp. based on rDNA sequences and intra-genetic variation of Greek O. vulgare subsp hirtum revealed by RAPD}, journal = {Sci Hortic-Amsterdam}, volume = {121}, number = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {Jan}, pages = {103{\textendash}108}, abstract = {Origanum species are among the most widely spread herbs in the Mediterranean basin. Eventhough they are used as a spice, evaluation of their genetic diversity and evolution has only recently drawn attention. In order to study phylogenetic relationships, 14 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 clones belonging to the most common Origanum species were sequenced and a parsimony tree was constructed, using the approximate likelihood ratio test. All Origanum species were clearly separated from allied genera of the Mentheae tribe while a clear distinction between the Greek and the Spanish accessions was revealed. In addition the germplasm variability of the most common Greek oregano (O. vulgare subsp. hirtum) was investigated using the RAPD markers. The use of 10 random decamers resulted in 133 unambiguous and reproducible bands detected across 27 entries. Two main groups were identified by the UPGMA clustering using Jaccard{\textquoteright}s similarity coefficient, and major genetic dissimilarities among Greek O. vulgare subsp. hirtum populations and O. onites/O. virens species were detected. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that genetic variability is distributed mainly within populations; however, significant Phi(st) values were detected between different geographical localities, supporting noteworthy genetic differentiation among O. vulgare subsp. hirtum populations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Essential Oils, Evolution, Extracts, Geographic-Variation, Identification, Intra-Genetic Variability, Its, Lamiaceae, Origanum, Parental Taxa, Phylogenetic Relationships, Rapd, Sipyleum, X-Intercedens}, doi = {10.1016/j.scienta.2009.01.015}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL\&_udi=B6TC3-4VJJWG7-1\&_user=2139813\&_rdoc=1\&_fmt=\&_orig=search\&_sort=d\&_docanchor=\&view=c\&_acct=C000054276\&_version=1\&_urlVersion=0\&_userid=2139813\&md5=5617b5521c7a560f96bf092c26b3ae1b}, author = {A Katsiotis and N Nikoloudakis and A Linos and A Drossou and T Constantinidis} } @article {SchmidtLebuhn:2007p466, title = {Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) to unravel species relationships and delimitations in Minthostachys (Labiatae)}, journal = {Bot J Linn Soc}, volume = {153}, number = {1}, year = {2007}, month = {Jan}, pages = {9{\textendash}19}, abstract = {Minthostachys (Benth.) Spach (Labiatae) is a South American genus of aromatic shrubs frequently collected as a condiment, for the preparation of tea, or for medicinal purposes. Notoriously difficult species delimitation, conflicting taxonomic treatments of the past, and the lack of a revision with modern methods have hampered the understanding of this ecologically and economically interesting group. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) study presented in this paper supplements field and morphological studies within the framework of a taxonomic and systematic revision. AFLP is found to be unsuitable for the reconstruction of the phylogeny of Minthostachys. Although, in some cases, morphologically well-defined species are also genetically distinct, extensive gene flow seems to occur between strikingly different species growing in the immediate vicinity and even between Minthostachys and Clinopodium (Xenopoma) vanum. Samples from the most complicated species, M. mollis, are genetically very heterogeneous and mostly fall into two clusters according to their geographical origin, exhibiting a high discrepancy with the pattern of morphological variation. (c) 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 153, 9-19.}, keywords = {Andes, Constituents, Evolution, Genetic-Variation, Lamiaceae, Markers, Mentheae, Morphology, Neotropical, Plants}, author = {Alexander N Schmidt-Lebuhn} }