@article {Scheen:2008p3207,
	title = {Molecular phylogenetics of tribe Synandreae, a North American lineage of lamioid mints (Lamiaceae)},
	journal = {Cladistics},
	volume = {24},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {299{\textendash}314},
	abstract = {The five mint genera Brazoria, Macbridea, Physostegia, Synandra and Warnockia (Lamioideae: Lamiaceae) are all North American endemics. Together with the monotypic European genus Melittis and the Asian genus Chelonopsis, these taxa have been classified as subtribe Melittidinae. Previous morphological studies have failed to uncover synapomorphic characters for this group. We sequenced the plastid trnL-trnF region and trnS-trnG spacer and the nuclear ribosomal 5S non-transcribed spacer (5S-NTS) to assess phylogenetic relationships within Melittidinae. Standard parsimony and direct optimization (POY) analyses show Melittis, the type genus of the subtribe, as sister to Stachys. Thus, the monophyly of subtribe Melittidinae is not supported either by molecular or morphological data. However, the North American endemics form a monophyletic group that can be recognized as the recircumscribed tribe Synandreae. The molecular relationships among these genera are corroborated by both morphological and cytological data. The expected close relationship between the south-central endemics Warnockia and Brazoria and their sister relationship to the widespread genus Physostegia is confirmed. Nevertheless, most of the North American endemics are restricted to the south-east of the continent. Dispersal westwards and northwards is correlated with an increase in chromosome numbers. No specific Eurasian origin (i.e., transatlantic or transpacific) can be determined, but Synandreae are clearly distinct from the large Stachys clade, and therefore represent a separate migration into North America. (C) The Willi Hennig Society 2007.},
	keywords = {Amplification, Eastern Asia, Evolution, Intercontinental Biogeography, Multiple Sequence Alignment, Noncoding Chloroplast Dna, Origin, Regions, Subtribe Melittidinae Labiatae, Systematic Implications},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00180.x},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00180.x/abstract;jsessionid=5ED30F44114BA288929A5E842D09A1DC.d02t01},
	author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Charlotte Lindqvist and Carl G Fossdal and Victor A Albert}
}
@article {Scheen:2010p3190,
	title = {MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS, CHARACTER EVOLUTION, AND SUPRAGENERIC CLASSIFICATION OF LAMIOIDEAE (LAMIACEAE)},
	journal = {Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden},
	volume = {97},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {191{\textendash}217},
	abstract = {This paper presents a phylogenetic analysis of Lamiaceae subfam. Lamioideae (including subfamily Pogostemonoideae) based on sequences of the trnL intron, trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, and rps16 intron of the plastid genuine. It is the first analysis that includes all major lamioid and pogostemonoid genera. Monophyly of Lamioideae s.l. (i.e., including Pogostemonoideae) is strongly supported, with Cymaria Benth. as its sister group, and Pogostemonoideae, which sometimes has been recognized as a subfamily, is subsumed in Lamioideae. On the basis of the phylogenetic hypothesis, Lamioideae is divided into nine tribes. Three new tribes are established: Gomphostemmateae Seheen {\&} Lindqvist, Phlomideae Mathiesen, and Leucadeae Scheen {\&} Ryding. The other six tribes are: Pogostemoneae Briq., Synandreae Raf., Staehydeae Dumort., Leonureae Dumort., Limieae Coss. {\&} Germ., and Marrubieae Vis. The genus Betonica L. is reestablished. The results also strongly suggest that the genera Stachys L., Sideritis L., Ballota and Leucas R. Br. are polyphyletic or paraphyletic. The results were used to examine evolution of non-molecular characters.},
	keywords = {Character Evolution, Chloroplast Dna, Classification, Eremostachys Bunge, Hawaiian Endemic Mints, Lamiaceae, Lamioideae, Molecular Phylogeneties, Morphology, Pericarp Structure, Phlomis L, Pogostemonoideae, Rps16 Intron, Sequence Data, Subtribe Melittidinae Labiatae, Systematic Implications, Verbenaceae},
	doi = {10.3417/2007174},
	url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.3417/2007174},
	author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Mika Bendiksby and Olof Ryding and Cecilie Mathiesen and Victor A Albert and Charlotte Lindqvist}
}
