@article {Braeuchler:2010p2765,
	title = {Molecular phylogeny of Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae) - Taxonomy, biogeography and conflicts},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {55},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {501{\textendash}523},
	abstract = {Although the subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) is considered to be monophyletic, relationships between tribes, subtribes and genera within the subfamily are poorly understood as complex and possibly homoplasious morphological characters make taxa difficult to delimit. DNA sequence data from three regions (chloroplast: trnK intron; trnL-F; nuclear: ITS) in total including 278 accessions, representing 38 out of 40 genera of subtribe Menthinae and 11 outgroup genera, were used to reconstruct the evolutionary history, test previous hypotheses of classification, explain biogeographic patterns and elucidate character evolution. Using maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian analysis phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data were incongruent, consequently the data were analyzed separately.Both nuclear and chloroplast datasets provide strong support for three major lineages: the "Satureja", "Micromeria" and "Clinopodium" group. The first contains members of Satureja and Gontscharovia. In the second lineage Micromeria s.str. and Origanum were resolved as monophyletic, Pentapleura and Zataria indicated as sister groups. Thymbra includes two species of Satureja turning the latter genus polyphyletic. Thymus is revealed as paraphyletic with respect to Argantoniella and Saccocalyx in both and Origanum in the plastid dataset only. In the third lineage, the Clinopodium-group, branching pattern is highly incongruent among datasets and possibly influenced by recent and ancient hybridization, chloroplast capture and incomplete lineage sorting. However, identical terminal groups are inferred in both analyses. A Madagascan lineage of "Micromeria", sister to the recently described South African Killickia, is suggested to represent a new genus. The Himalayan Clinopodium nepalense group and the tropical African C. abyssinicum alliance are monophyletic but indicated in different positions. Both groups appear in the ITS phylogeny in a clade with Cyclotrichium and Mentha, relationships not suggested previously. The enigmatic Micromeria cymuligera is close to Mentha and possibly is a representative of this genus. Species of Acinos, now regarded as part of Clinopodium, are mixed up with species of Ziziphora, questioning either the inclusion of Acinos in Clinopodium or generic distinctness of Ziziphora. All data sets suggest a monophyly of the New World taxa and argue for long distance dispersal from the Old World, rather than a vicariance explanation. Bystropogon marks the split up between the two lineages. Inclusion of 22 genera intermixed with Clinopodium spp. in the New World clade provides evidence that the current circumscription of the genus is highly unnatural. Low sequence divergence resulting in low phylogenetic resolution especially at the base of the clade indicate a rapid radiation accompanied by considerable ecological diversification and speciation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Chloroplast Dna, Generic delimitations, Genus Bystropogon Lamiaceae, Island Colonization, Lamiaceae, Menthinae, Micromeria Lamiaceae, Minthostachys Labiatae, Molecular phylogeny, North-America, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Parsimony Analysis, Salvia Lamiaceae, Satureja, Scrub Mints Lamiaceae},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.016},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL\&_udi=B6WNH-4YC2XFX-1\&_user=2139813\&_coverDate=05\%252F31\%252F2010\&_rdoc=1\&_fmt=high\&_orig=gateway\&_origin=gateway\&_sort=d\&_docanchor=\&view=c\&_acct=C000054276\&_version=1\&_urlVersion=0\&_userid=2139813\&md5=d},
	author = {Christian Braeuchler and Harald Meimberg and Guenther Heubl}
}
@article {Trusty:2004p1119,
	title = {Using molecular data to test a biogeographic connection of the Macaronesian genus Bystropogon (Lamiaceae) to the New World: A case of conflicting phylogenies},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {29},
	number = {3},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {702{\textendash}715},
	abstract = {Bystropogon (Lamiaceae) is endemic to the Macaronesian Islands and represents the best-known example of a putative phytogeographic connection between these islands and the New World. Previous morphological taxonomic studies suggested that this genus is closely related to the western South American Minthostachys. Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers and 5.8S subunit of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the trnL gene and trnL-trnF spacer of the chloroplast genome for 33 of the 72 genera in the Mentheae tribe were performed. Maximum parsimony analysis of the combined data set resulted in 63 most parsimonious trees. The strict consensus tree of this analysis shows with moderate bootstrap support (74\%) that Bystropogon is sister to the Old World taxa Acinos, Ziziphora, and Clinopodium vulgare. When analyzed separately, the ITS and trnL/F data sets do not agree as to the sister group to Bystropogon, although none supports a sister relationship with Minthostachys. The cpDNA phylogeny strongly supports a relationship of Bystropogon with a clade of New World mint taxa (90\% bootstrap value). Due to the apparent conflict between the chloroplast and nuclear characters observed in the phylogenies, we are not certain of the true biogeographic relationship of Bystropogon. Finally, in all analyses, all of the Mentheae genera sampled in this study form a monophyletic group (100\% bootstrap value) and a derived clade of ten New World genera is found. These results contribute to our understanding of generic relationships within the tribe.},
	keywords = {Canary-Islands, Chloroplast Dna, Ilex L. Aquifoliaceae, Internal Transcribed Spacer, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Parsimony Analysis, Pollen Wall Ultrastructure, Restriction-Site Variation, Sequence Data, Subgenus Pinus},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000223702400014\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {JL Trusty and RG OLMSTEAD and DJ Bogler and A Santos-Guerra and J Francisco-Ortega}
}
@article {WAGSTAFF:1998p1141,
	title = {Phylogeny in Labiatae sl, inferred from cpDNA sequences},
	journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution},
	volume = {209},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {1998},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {265{\textendash}274},
	abstract = {Sequences of rbcL and ndhF were analysed independently and in combination to resolve phylogenetic relationships in Labiatae s. 1. Monophyly of Labiatae s. 1 was supported by all three analyses. Congea tomentosa (Symphoremataceae) is nested within Labiatae s. 1. in the rbcL analysis, but emerges as the sister group of Labiatae s. 1. in the ndhF and combined analyses. Four noteworthy clades of Labiate s. 1. also are supported by all analyses corresponding to subfamilies Nepetoideae, Lamioideae, Pogostemonoideae and Scutellarioideae. Monophyly of subfamilies Chloanthoideae and Viticoideae is not supported. A clade comprising Teucrioideae plus Ajuga is supported by ndhF and the combined analysis.},
	keywords = {Asteridae, Cladistics, Classification, Cpdna, Labiatae, Lamiaceae, Ndhf, Parsimony Analysis, Phylogeny, Rbcl},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000072628900007\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {SJ WAGSTAFF and L Hickerson and R Spangler and PA Reeves and RG OLMSTEAD}
}
