@article {Bayramoglu:2007p1118,
	title = {Unique biocide for the leather industry; Essential oil of oregano},
	journal = {J Am Leather Chem As},
	volume = {102},
	number = {11},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {347{\textendash}352},
	abstract = {The Origanum species are subshrubs or perennial herbs with several stems ascending or erect, subsessile or petiolate leaves and flowers in verticillasters aggregated in dense or loose spikes which are arranged in paniculate or corymbiform inflorescence.Oregano essential oil is produced from the oregano plant through the process of steam distillation. There are a variety of species referred to as oregano, but the genus Origanum (tribe Mentheae, Labiatae family) is characterized by a large morphological and chemical diversity: their antimicrobial activities are different from each other. It has already been found that the Origanum minutiflorum essential oil has antifungal activity during pickling and wet blue processes and its effectiveness improves with increasing concentration rates.(1)In this investigation, 1\% of essential oils from three different oregano species and the oil of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) were tested for their antimicrobial activity in parallel with 7-25\% phenol and 4-chloro-3 methyl as commercial bactericides commonly used in the leather industry.The results showed that three essential oils of oregano had much stronger bactericidal activity than that of the commercial bactericide and the fennel oil. These findings suggested that these oregano essential oils could be used as bactericidal agents in leather industry.},
	keywords = {Antifungal Activities, Antimicrobial Activity, Vulgare},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000251040400002\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {Eser Eke Bayramoglu}
}
@article {Castilho:2007p1166,
	title = {Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Clinopodium ascendens (Jordan) Sampaio from Madeira},
	journal = {Flavour Frag J},
	volume = {22},
	number = {2},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {139{\textendash}144},
	abstract = {Clinopodium ascendens (Jordan) Sampaio [synonyms = Calamintha ascendens Jordan = C. officinalis Moench ssp. ascendens (Jord.) Mateo = C. sylvatica Bromf. ssp. ascendens (Jord.) P.W. Ball] is a small herbaceous plant with a very strong and distinctive mint aroma. The plant is known for its medical uses in folk medicine and as a spice in Italian kitchens. In Madeira Island, Clinopodium ascendens, known locally as {\textquoteright}neveda{\textquoteright}, grows wild along the shady paths of the Laurissilva forest. The local population uses the leaves of calamint as a mouth freshener and to alleviate headache and toothache. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of C. ascendens growing wild in Madeira was analysed by a combination of CC, GC, GC-MS, H-1- and C-13-NMR. The oil was dominated by C-3 oxygenated p-menthane derivatives: cis-isopulegone (75.2\%), pulegone (6.9\%), neoiso-isopulegol (6.0\%) and trans-isopulegone (4.5\%). The whole essential oil was tested against a variety of bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, and two fungi; it exhibited remarkable activity against Escherichia coli and was active against Agrobacterium tumefasciens and Staphylococcus aureus and the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. It was ineffective against Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley {\&} Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {Antimicrobial Activity, C-13-Nmr, Calamintha, Cis-Isopulegone, Clinopodium Ascendens (Jordan) Sampaio, Essential Oil, Glandular Trichomes, Monoterpene Biosynthesis, Neoiso-Isopulegol, Peppermint},
	doi = {10.1002/ffj.1771},
	url = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/113510130/abstract?CRETRY=1\&SRETRY=0},
	author = {Paula Castilho and Kai Liu and Ana Isabel Rodrigues and Sonia Feio and Felix Tomi and Joseph Casanova}
}
