@article {Yang:2006p8002,
	title = {[Nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 sequences of 4 Leonurus species]},
	journal = {Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao},
	volume = {26},
	number = {11},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1593{\textendash}5},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To analyze the nuclear ribosome DNA (nrDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of 4 Leonurus species, and the possibility of using them for molecular authentication of the crude drugs from the genus. METHODS: The nrDNA ITS sequence (including ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2, and partial 18S rDNA and 26S rDNA) of L. japonicus and its 3 adulterant species were amplified and sequenced, and CLUSTRAL X and MEGA software was employed for analysis. RESULTS: The variation of ITS1 and ITS2 between L. japonicus and its adulterant species ranged between 7.2\% and 18.8\% and between 14.2\% and 27\%, respectively. The phylogenic tree derived from the dendrograms based on the ITS sequence data contained some discrepancy from the traditional classification. CONCLUSION: The nrDNA ITS sequences can be used potentially as efficient markers for identification of L. japonicus and its adulterants, and further study is needed for studying the phylogeny of Leonurus.},
	keywords = {DNA: Plant, DNA: Ribosomal Spacer, Leonurus, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Sequence Analysis: DNA, Species Specificity},
	author = {Zhi-Ye Yang and Zhi Chao and Ke-Ke Huo and Bing-Yi Wu and Sheng-li Pan}
}
@article {Sykorova:2007p7980,
	title = {The cultivation bias: different communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi detected in roots from the field, from bait plants transplanted to the field, and from a greenhouse trap experiment},
	journal = {Mycorrhiza},
	volume = {18},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {1{\textendash}14},
	abstract = {The community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was investigated in roots of four different plant species (Inula salicina, Medicago sativa, Origanum vulgare, and Bromus erectus) sampled in (1) a plant species-rich calcareous grassland, (2) a bait plant bioassay conducted directly in that grassland, and (3) a greenhouse trap experiment using soil and a transplanted whole plant from that grassland as inoculum. Roots were analyzed by AMF-specific nested polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism screening, and sequence analyses of rDNA small subunit and internal transcribed spacer regions. The AMF sequences were analyzed phylogenetically and used to define monophyletic phylotypes. Overall, 16 phylotypes from several lineages of AMF were detected. The community composition was strongly influenced by the experimental approach, with additional influence of cultivation duration, substrate, and host plant species in some experiments. Some fungal phylotypes, e.g., GLOM-A3 (Glomus mosseae) and several members of Glomus group B, appeared predominantly in the greenhouse experiment or in bait plants. Thus, these phylotypes can be considered r strategists, rapidly colonizing uncolonized ruderal habitats in early successional stages of the fungal community. In the greenhouse experiment, for instance, G. mosseae was abundant after 3 months, but could not be detected anymore after 10 months. In contrast, other phylotypes as GLOM-A17 (G. badium) and GLOM-A16 were detected almost exclusively in roots sampled from plants naturally growing in the grassland or from bait plants exposed in the field, indicating that they preferentially occur in late successional stages of fungal communities and thus represent the K strategy. The only phylotype found with high frequency in all three experimental approaches was GLOM A-1 (G. intraradices), which is known to be a generalist. These results indicate that, in greenhouse trap experiments, it is difficult to establish a root-colonizing AMF community reflecting the diversity of these fungi in the field roots because fungal succession in such artificial systems may bias the results. However, the field bait plant approach might be a convenient way to study the influence of different environmental factors on AMF community composition directly under the field conditions. For a better understanding of the dynamics of AMF communities, it will be necessary to classify AMF phylotypes and species according to their life history strategies.},
	keywords = {Bromus, DNA: Fungal, Ecosystem, Inula, Medicago sativa, Molecular Sequence Data, Mycorrhizae, Origanum, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Species Specificity},
	doi = {10.1007/s00572-007-0147-0},
	author = {Zuzana S{\'y}korov{\'a} and Kurt Ineichen and Andres Wiemken and Dirk Redecker}
}
