@article {Bendiksby:2011p3198,
	title = {Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Lamium L. (Lamiaceae): Disentangling origins of presumed allotetraploids},
	journal = {Taxon},
	volume = {60},
	number = {4},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {986{\textendash}1000},
	abstract = {This is the first comprehensive molecular investigation of the genus Lamium L. We have addressed phylogenetic relationships and presumed allopolyploid speciation by use of nuclear (NRPA2, 5S-NTS) and chloroplast (matK, psbA-trnH, rps16, trnL, trnL-F, trnS-G) DNA sequence data. Nuclear and chloroplast data were incongruent, and nuclear data showed better correlation with morphology. Bayesian and parsimony phylogenetic results show that (I) Lamium galeobdolon is sister to all remaining Lamium species; (2) Wiedemannia is nested within Lamium; (3) L. amplexicaule is polyphyletic; (4) most tetraploids are of hybrid origin; (5) L. amplexicaule var. orientale is allotetraploid; and (6) Mennema{\textquoteright}s (1989) infrageneric classification is not corroborated by molecular data. Based on the molecular results, and taking morphology into account, we suggest resurrection of two species: L. aleppicum and L. paczoskianum.},
	keywords = {5S-Nts, Allopolyploidy, Asteraceae, Chloroplast Dna, Classification, Complex, Cpdna, Dna-Sequences, Incongruence, Lamioideae, Lamium, Molecular Phylogenetics, Nrpa2, Reconstruction, Reticulate Evolution, Silene Caryophyllaceae, Speciation},
	url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?SID=2B\%2540kNem2NICHnHfl3PI\&product=WOS\&UT=000294507000004\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_images\%252Fwok5_failed_auth.html\&Init=Yes\&action=retrieve\&SrcAuth=meken},
	author = {Mika Bendiksby and Anne K Brysting and Lisbeth Thorbek and Galina Gussarova and Olof Ryding}
}
@article {Braeuchler:2010p2765,
	title = {Molecular phylogeny of Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae) - Taxonomy, biogeography and conflicts},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {55},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {501{\textendash}523},
	abstract = {Although the subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) is considered to be monophyletic, relationships between tribes, subtribes and genera within the subfamily are poorly understood as complex and possibly homoplasious morphological characters make taxa difficult to delimit. DNA sequence data from three regions (chloroplast: trnK intron; trnL-F; nuclear: ITS) in total including 278 accessions, representing 38 out of 40 genera of subtribe Menthinae and 11 outgroup genera, were used to reconstruct the evolutionary history, test previous hypotheses of classification, explain biogeographic patterns and elucidate character evolution. Using maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian analysis phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data were incongruent, consequently the data were analyzed separately.Both nuclear and chloroplast datasets provide strong support for three major lineages: the "Satureja", "Micromeria" and "Clinopodium" group. The first contains members of Satureja and Gontscharovia. In the second lineage Micromeria s.str. and Origanum were resolved as monophyletic, Pentapleura and Zataria indicated as sister groups. Thymbra includes two species of Satureja turning the latter genus polyphyletic. Thymus is revealed as paraphyletic with respect to Argantoniella and Saccocalyx in both and Origanum in the plastid dataset only. In the third lineage, the Clinopodium-group, branching pattern is highly incongruent among datasets and possibly influenced by recent and ancient hybridization, chloroplast capture and incomplete lineage sorting. However, identical terminal groups are inferred in both analyses. A Madagascan lineage of "Micromeria", sister to the recently described South African Killickia, is suggested to represent a new genus. The Himalayan Clinopodium nepalense group and the tropical African C. abyssinicum alliance are monophyletic but indicated in different positions. Both groups appear in the ITS phylogeny in a clade with Cyclotrichium and Mentha, relationships not suggested previously. The enigmatic Micromeria cymuligera is close to Mentha and possibly is a representative of this genus. Species of Acinos, now regarded as part of Clinopodium, are mixed up with species of Ziziphora, questioning either the inclusion of Acinos in Clinopodium or generic distinctness of Ziziphora. All data sets suggest a monophyly of the New World taxa and argue for long distance dispersal from the Old World, rather than a vicariance explanation. Bystropogon marks the split up between the two lineages. Inclusion of 22 genera intermixed with Clinopodium spp. in the New World clade provides evidence that the current circumscription of the genus is highly unnatural. Low sequence divergence resulting in low phylogenetic resolution especially at the base of the clade indicate a rapid radiation accompanied by considerable ecological diversification and speciation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Chloroplast Dna, Generic delimitations, Genus Bystropogon Lamiaceae, Island Colonization, Lamiaceae, Menthinae, Micromeria Lamiaceae, Minthostachys Labiatae, Molecular phylogeny, North-America, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Parsimony Analysis, Salvia Lamiaceae, Satureja, Scrub Mints Lamiaceae},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.016},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL\&_udi=B6WNH-4YC2XFX-1\&_user=2139813\&_coverDate=05\%252F31\%252F2010\&_rdoc=1\&_fmt=high\&_orig=gateway\&_origin=gateway\&_sort=d\&_docanchor=\&view=c\&_acct=C000054276\&_version=1\&_urlVersion=0\&_userid=2139813\&md5=d},
	author = {Christian Braeuchler and Harald Meimberg and Guenther Heubl}
}
@article {Oliveira:2007p1317,
	title = {Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, and systematics of Dicerandra (Lamiaceae), a genus endemic to the southeastern United States{\textquoteright}},
	journal = {Am J Bot},
	volume = {94},
	number = {6},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {1017{\textendash}1027},
	abstract = {Dicerandra, an endemic mint of the southeastern United States, comprises nine species, all of which are threatened or endangered and restricted to sandhill vegetation and a mosaic of scrub habitats. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Dicerandra based on data from the nuclear and plastid genomes for all 13 taxa of the genus, identified two strongly supported clades, corresponding to the four annual and to the five perennial species of Dicerandra. However, the nuclear and plastid trees were incongruent in their placement of two perennial taxa, D. cornutissima and D. immaculata var. savannarum, perhaps due to ancient hybridization or to lineage sorting. Based on these analyses, the widespread D. linearifolia is not monophyletic, with populations of D. linearifolia var. linearifolia falling into either western or eastern clades. The western clade, comprising populations of D. linearifolia var. linearifolia and var. robustior, occurs in an area drained by rivers flowing toward the Gulf of Mexico, whereas the eastern clade, comprising populations of D. linearifolia var. linearifolia, D. densiflora, D. odoratissima, and D. radfordiana (i.e., all the annual species), occupies a region drained by rivers flowing to the Atlantic Ocean. Although this pattern of genetic differentiation between populations from these two river drainages has been documented in several animal species, it has not previously been reported for plants. A revised subgeneric classification is presented to reflect the annual and perennial clades.},
	keywords = {Biogeography, Chloroplast Dna, Conservation, Dicerandra, Endemic Species, Florida, Inferences, Internal Transcribed Spacer, Labiatae, Lake Wales Ridge, Matk, Plant, Sequences, Trnt-Trnl},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000249830600013\&SID=2ABa3P2LDb\%2540FhI56hhg\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_i},
	author = {Luiz O Oliveira and Robin B Huck and Matthew A Gitzendanner and Walter S Judd and Douglas E Soltis and Pamela S Soltis}
}
@article {Edwards:2006p1091,
	title = {Molecular phylogeny of Conradina and other scrub mints (Lamiaceae) from the southeastern USA: Evidence for hybridization in Pleistocene refugia?},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {31},
	number = {1},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {193{\textendash}207},
	abstract = {Conradina (Lamiaceae) consists of six allopatric species endemic to the southeastern United States, four of which are federally endangered or threatened. The limits and status of several taxa have been contested based on morphological grounds, and clarification of these limits is necessary for the design and implementation of effective and fiscally responsible protection and management plans. The objectives of this study were to investigate the monophyly of Conradina and its relationship to other endemic mints of the southeastern United States, to understand the patterns of diversification in Conradina, and to clarify species relationships. A molecular phylogeny was inferred by sequencing ITS and plastid regions from multiple accessions of each species of Conradina (except for a single accession of C. verticillata) and multiple individuals from species of Clinopodium, Dicerandra, Piloblephis, Stachydeoma, Monarda, Pycnanthemum, and Mentha. ITS sequence data strongly support the monophyly of Conradina, in agreement with evidence from morphology. In contrast, plastid sequence data do not support a monophyletic Conradina and place the genus as paraphyletic to Clinopodium, Stachydeoma, and Piloblephis. Similar plastid haplotypes are shared by different genera, perhaps due to shared ancestral polymorphisms, or more likely, introgression that occurred recently or during the Pleistocene. Within Conradina, ITS sequence data do not resolve species relationships, while plastid sequence data do not support the monophyly of most traditionally defined species of Conradina that are distinguishable morphologically. Species relationships in the plastid data set may also be obscured by introgression or ancestral polymorphism. More rapidly evolving sequence data from nuclear markers will be necessary to clarify relationships in Conradina and related mints from the southeastern United States.},
	keywords = {Armeria Plumbaginaceae, Chloroplast Dna, Incongruence, Length Difference Test, Maximum-Likelihood, Mitochondrial-Dna, Noncoding Regions, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Reticulate Evolution, Sequences},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000236119500018\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {CE Edwards and DE Soltis and PS Soltis}
}
@article {Trusty:2004p1119,
	title = {Using molecular data to test a biogeographic connection of the Macaronesian genus Bystropogon (Lamiaceae) to the New World: A case of conflicting phylogenies},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {29},
	number = {3},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {702{\textendash}715},
	abstract = {Bystropogon (Lamiaceae) is endemic to the Macaronesian Islands and represents the best-known example of a putative phytogeographic connection between these islands and the New World. Previous morphological taxonomic studies suggested that this genus is closely related to the western South American Minthostachys. Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers and 5.8S subunit of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the trnL gene and trnL-trnF spacer of the chloroplast genome for 33 of the 72 genera in the Mentheae tribe were performed. Maximum parsimony analysis of the combined data set resulted in 63 most parsimonious trees. The strict consensus tree of this analysis shows with moderate bootstrap support (74\%) that Bystropogon is sister to the Old World taxa Acinos, Ziziphora, and Clinopodium vulgare. When analyzed separately, the ITS and trnL/F data sets do not agree as to the sister group to Bystropogon, although none supports a sister relationship with Minthostachys. The cpDNA phylogeny strongly supports a relationship of Bystropogon with a clade of New World mint taxa (90\% bootstrap value). Due to the apparent conflict between the chloroplast and nuclear characters observed in the phylogenies, we are not certain of the true biogeographic relationship of Bystropogon. Finally, in all analyses, all of the Mentheae genera sampled in this study form a monophyletic group (100\% bootstrap value) and a derived clade of ten New World genera is found. These results contribute to our understanding of generic relationships within the tribe.},
	keywords = {Canary-Islands, Chloroplast Dna, Ilex L. Aquifoliaceae, Internal Transcribed Spacer, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Parsimony Analysis, Pollen Wall Ultrastructure, Restriction-Site Variation, Sequence Data, Subgenus Pinus},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000223702400014\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {JL Trusty and RG OLMSTEAD and DJ Bogler and A Santos-Guerra and J Francisco-Ortega}
}
@article {Scheen:2010p3190,
	title = {MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS, CHARACTER EVOLUTION, AND SUPRAGENERIC CLASSIFICATION OF LAMIOIDEAE (LAMIACEAE)},
	journal = {Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden},
	volume = {97},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {191{\textendash}217},
	abstract = {This paper presents a phylogenetic analysis of Lamiaceae subfam. Lamioideae (including subfamily Pogostemonoideae) based on sequences of the trnL intron, trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, and rps16 intron of the plastid genuine. It is the first analysis that includes all major lamioid and pogostemonoid genera. Monophyly of Lamioideae s.l. (i.e., including Pogostemonoideae) is strongly supported, with Cymaria Benth. as its sister group, and Pogostemonoideae, which sometimes has been recognized as a subfamily, is subsumed in Lamioideae. On the basis of the phylogenetic hypothesis, Lamioideae is divided into nine tribes. Three new tribes are established: Gomphostemmateae Seheen {\&} Lindqvist, Phlomideae Mathiesen, and Leucadeae Scheen {\&} Ryding. The other six tribes are: Pogostemoneae Briq., Synandreae Raf., Staehydeae Dumort., Leonureae Dumort., Limieae Coss. {\&} Germ., and Marrubieae Vis. The genus Betonica L. is reestablished. The results also strongly suggest that the genera Stachys L., Sideritis L., Ballota and Leucas R. Br. are polyphyletic or paraphyletic. The results were used to examine evolution of non-molecular characters.},
	keywords = {Character Evolution, Chloroplast Dna, Classification, Eremostachys Bunge, Hawaiian Endemic Mints, Lamiaceae, Lamioideae, Molecular Phylogeneties, Morphology, Pericarp Structure, Phlomis L, Pogostemonoideae, Rps16 Intron, Sequence Data, Subtribe Melittidinae Labiatae, Systematic Implications, Verbenaceae},
	doi = {10.3417/2007174},
	url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.3417/2007174},
	author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Mika Bendiksby and Olof Ryding and Cecilie Mathiesen and Victor A Albert and Charlotte Lindqvist}
}
@article {Scheen:2009p3205,
	title = {Molecular Phylogenetics of the Leucas Group (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {173{\textendash}181},
	abstract = {The genus Leucas R.Br. includes 100 recognized species ranging in distribution from Africa through the Indian subcontinent to Queensland, Australia. Morphological cladistic studies have suggested that several other genera of Lamioideae - Acrotome, Isoleucas, Leonotis, and Otostegia (pro parte) - may be closely related to Leucas, or even nested within it. Here we use phylogenetic analysis of three plastid DNA loci, the trnL-F region, trnS-G spacer, and the rps16 intron and reach similar conclusions. Many of the morphological features used to maintain Leucas since 1810 are shared ancestral (symplesiomorphic) characters. The other genera (or subgeneric group in the case of Otostegia) are therefore defined by apomorphic states. This is particularly apparent in the case of Leonotis, with its highly specialized bird-pollinated flowers, derived within a paraphyletic and insect-pollinated Leucas. Some geographically isolated groups are monophyletic, including all Asian species of Leucas, a Socotran clade, and a large African lineage.},
	keywords = {Amplification, Biogeography, Chloroplast Dna, Evolution, Labiatae, Mints, Parsimony, Regions, Rps16, Trnl-Trnf, Trns-Trng},
	url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?SID=2B\%2540kNem2NICHnHfl3PI\&product=WOS\&UT=000263801200018\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_images\%252Fwok5_failed_auth.html\&Init=Yes\&action=retrieve\&SrcAuth=meken},
	author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Victor A Albert}
}
