02436nas a2200253   4500008004100000245011800041210006900159260000800228300001300236490000600249520162000255653001501875653001501890653001101905653002001916653001401936653002601950653001601976100001401992700001202006700001602018700001202034856013602046       2006                        eng d00aHeterogeneity of three molecular data partition phylogenies of mints related to M. x piperita (Mentha; Lamiaceae)0 aHeterogeneity of three molecular data partition phylogenies of m  cJul  a470–850 v83 aPhylogenetic reconstructions with molecular tools are now widely used, thanks to advances in PCR and sequencing technologies. The choice of the molecular target still remains a problem because too few comparative data are available. This is particularly true for hybrid taxa, where differential introgression of genome parts leads to incongruity between data sets. We have studied the potential of three data partitions to reconstruct the phylogeny of mints related to M. x piperita. These included nuclear DNA (ITS), chloroplast DNA (non-coding regions trnL intron, intergenic spacers trnL-trnF, and psbA-trnH), and AFLP and ISSR, markers. The taxonomic sampling was composed of hybrids, diploid and polyploid genomes. Since the genealogy of cultivated mint hybrids is known, they represent a model group to compare the usefulness of various molecular markers for phylogeny inference. Incongruities between ITS, chloroplast DNA, and AFLP-ISSR phylogenetic trees were recorded, although DNA fingerprinting data were congruent with morphological classification. Evidence of chloroplast capture events was obtained for M. x piperita. Direct sequencing of ITS led to biased results because of the existence of pseudogenes. Sequencing of cloned ITS further failed to provide evidence of the existence of the two parental copy types for M. x piperita, a sterile hybrid that has had no opportunity for concerted evolution of ITS copies. AFLP-ISSR data clustered M. x piperita with the parent that had the largest genome. This study sheds light on differential of introgression of different genome regions in mint hybrids.10aDNA: Plant10aHaplotypes10aMentha10aMentha piperita10aPhylogeny10aPolymorphism: Genetic10aPseudogenes1 aGobert, V1 aMoja, S1 aTaberlet, P1 aWink, M  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/heterogeneity-three-molecular-data-partition-phylogenies-mints-related-m-x-piperita-mentha02256nas a2200421   4500008004100000245010800041210006900149260000800218300001200226490000700238520090700245653002401152653001601176653002301192653002301215653002101238653001701259653001501276653002501291653002001316653002301336653002801359653001101387653001401398653002501412653002301437653003401460653002001494653002601514100002401540700002501564700002401589700002501613700002201638700002201660700001901682856013301701       2004                        eng d00aBio-fermentation of modified flavonoids: an example of in vivo diversification of secondary metabolites0 aBiofermentation of modified flavonoids an example of in vivo div  cJan  a31–410 v653 aA bio-fermentation technique was used for the in vivo diversification of flavonoid structures based on expression in Escherichia coli of six O-methyltransferases (OMTs) from Mentha x piperita and one O-glucosyltransferase (GT) each from Arabidopsis thaliana and Allium cepa. Enzymes were shown to be regio-specific in in vitro experiments and modified a broad range of flavonoid substrates at various positions. Using the flavonol quercetin as a model substrate, we show that the product spectrum produced with the in vivo approach is identical to that found in vitro. Additionally, using mixed cultures of E. coli expressing different classes of modifying genes (OMTs and GTs), the production of polymethylated flavonoid glucosides was observed. This report demonstrates the potential to increase the structural diversity of plant secondary metabolites using a multi-enzyme, bio-fermentation approach.10aAmino Acid Sequence10aArabidopsis10aCloning: Molecular10aConsensus Sequence10aEscherichia coli10aFermentation10aFlavonoids10aGlucosyltransferases10aMentha piperita10aMethyltransferases10aMolecular Sequence Data10aOnions10aPhylogeny10aRecombinant Proteins10aSequence Alignment10aSequence Homology: Amino Acid10aStereoisomerism10aSubstrate Specificity1 aWillits, Michael, G1 aGiovanni, Ma{\"ıté1 aPrata, Rogerio, T N1 aKramer, Catherine, M1 aDe Luca, Vincenzo1 aSteffens, John, C1 aGraser, Gerson  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/bio-fermentation-modified-flavonoids-example-vivo-diversification-secondary-metabolites03410nas a2200289   4500008004100000245014600041210006900187260000800256300001300264490000800277520240500285653002802690653002402718653002302742653002002765653001902785653002802804653002402832653001702856653002102873653001902894653001402913100002102927700002102948700002002969856013102989       2005                        eng d00aMonoterpene metabolism. Cloning, expression, and characterization of (-)-isopiperitenol/(-)-carveol dehydrogenase of peppermint and spearmint0 aMonoterpene metabolism Cloning expression and characterization o  cMar  a863–720 v1373 aThe essential oils of peppermint (Mentha x piperita) and spearmint (Mentha spicata) are distinguished by the oxygenation position on the p-menthane ring of the constitutive monoterpenes that is conferred by two regiospecific cytochrome P450 limonene-3- and limonene-6-hydroxylases. Following hydroxylation of limonene, an apparently similar dehydrogenase oxidizes (-)-trans-isopiperitenol to (-)-isopiperitenone in peppermint and (-)-trans-carveol to (-)-carvone in spearmint. Random sequencing of a peppermint oil gland secretory cell cDNA library revealed a large number of clones that specified redox-type enzymes, including dehydrogenases. Full-length dehydrogenase clones were screened by functional expression in Escherichia coli using a recently developed in situ assay. A single full-length acquisition encoding (-)-trans-isopiperitenol dehydrogenase (ISPD) was isolated. The (-)-ISPD cDNA has an open reading frame of 795 bp that encodes a 265-residue enzyme with a calculated molecular mass of 27,191. Nondegenerate primers were designed based on the (-)-trans-ISPD cDNA sequence and employed to screen a spearmint oil gland secretory cell cDNA library from which a 5'-truncated cDNA encoding the spearmint homolog, (-)-trans-carveol-dehydrogenase, was isolated. Reverse transcription-PCR amplification and RACE were used to acquire the remaining 5'-sequence from RNA isolated from oil gland secretory cells of spearmint leaf. The full-length spearmint dehydrogenase shares >99% amino acid identity with its peppermint homolog and both dehydrogenases are capable of utilizing (-)-trans-isopiperitenol and (-)-trans-carveol. These isopiperitenol/carveol dehydrogenases are members of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and are related to other plant short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases involved in secondary metabolism (lignan biosynthesis), stress responses, and phytosteroid biosynthesis, but they are quite dissimilar (approximately 13% identity) to the monoterpene reductases of mint involved in (-)-menthol biosynthesis. The isolation of the genes specifying redox enzymes of monoterpene biosynthesis in mint indicates that these genes arose from different ancestors and not by simple duplication and differentiation of a common progenitor, as might have been anticipated based on the common reaction chemistry and structural similarity of the substrate monoterpenes.10aAlcohol Oxidoreductases10aAmino Acid Sequence10aCloning: Molecular10aMentha piperita10aMentha spicata10aMolecular Sequence Data10aMolecular Structure10aMonoterpenes10aMultigene Family10aOils: Volatile10aPhylogeny1 aRinger, Kerry, L1 aDavis, Edward, M1 aCroteau, Rodney  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/monoterpene-metabolism-cloning-expression-and-characterization-isopiperitenol-carveol