02626nas a2200289   4500008004100000245010300041210006900144260000800213300001400221490000700235520163700242653001801879653001701897653001401914653003401928653003201962653003001994653001102024653001202035653003502047653002802082100002602110700002502136700002102161700002202182856013202204       2008                        eng d00aMolecular phylogenetics of tribe Synandreae, a North American lineage of lamioid mints (Lamiaceae)0 aMolecular phylogenetics of tribe Synandreae a North American lin  cJan  a299–3140 v243 aThe five mint genera Brazoria, Macbridea, Physostegia, Synandra and Warnockia (Lamioideae: Lamiaceae) are all North American endemics. Together with the monotypic European genus Melittis and the Asian genus Chelonopsis, these taxa have been classified as subtribe Melittidinae. Previous morphological studies have failed to uncover synapomorphic characters for this group. We sequenced the plastid trnL-trnF region and trnS-trnG spacer and the nuclear ribosomal 5S non-transcribed spacer (5S-NTS) to assess phylogenetic relationships within Melittidinae. Standard parsimony and direct optimization (POY) analyses show Melittis, the type genus of the subtribe, as sister to Stachys. Thus, the monophyly of subtribe Melittidinae is not supported either by molecular or morphological data. However, the North American endemics form a monophyletic group that can be recognized as the recircumscribed tribe Synandreae. The molecular relationships among these genera are corroborated by both morphological and cytological data. The expected close relationship between the south-central endemics Warnockia and Brazoria and their sister relationship to the widespread genus Physostegia is confirmed. Nevertheless, most of the North American endemics are restricted to the south-east of the continent. Dispersal westwards and northwards is correlated with an increase in chromosome numbers. No specific Eurasian origin (i.e., transatlantic or transpacific) can be determined, but Synandreae are clearly distinct from the large Stachys clade, and therefore represent a separate migration into North America. (C) The Willi Hennig Society 2007.10aAmplification10aEastern Asia10aEvolution10aIntercontinental Biogeography10aMultiple Sequence Alignment10aNoncoding Chloroplast Dna10aOrigin10aRegions10aSubtribe Melittidinae Labiatae10aSystematic Implications1 aScheen, Anne-Cathrine1 aLindqvist, Charlotte1 aFossdal, Carl, G1 aAlbert, Victor, A  uhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00180.x/abstract;jsessionid=5ED30F44114BA288929A5E842D09A1DC.d02t0103575nas a2200301   4500008004100000245011300041210006900154260000800223300000800231490000600239520261200245653001202857653001502869653001702884653001102901653001102912653002602923653001302949653001402962653001902976653002302995653003403018653002403052100002503076700002103101700002203122856012903144       2007                        eng d00aPolyglutamine variation in a flowering time protein correlates with island age in a Hawaiian plant radiation0 aPolyglutamine variation in a flowering time protein correlates w  cJan  a1050 v73 aBACKGROUND: A controversial topic in evolutionary developmental biology is whether morphological diversification in natural populations can be driven by expansions and contractions of amino acid repeats in proteins. To promote adaptation, selection on protein length variation must overcome deleterious effects of multiple correlated traits (pleiotropy). Thus far, systems that demonstrate this capacity include only ancient or artificial morphological diversifications. The Hawaiian Islands, with their linear geological sequence, present a unique environment to study recent, natural radiations. We have focused our research on the Hawaiian endemic mints (Lamiaceae), a large and diverse lineage with paradoxically low genetic variation, in order to test whether a direct relationship between coding-sequence repeat diversity and morphological change can be observed in an actively evolving system. RESULTS: Here we show that in the Hawaiian mints, extensive polyglutamine (CAG codon repeat) polymorphism within a homolog of the pleiotropic flowering time protein and abscisic acid receptor FCA tracks the natural environmental cline of the island chain, consequent with island age, across a period of 5 million years. CAG expansions, perhaps following their natural tendency to elongate, are more frequent in colonists of recently-formed, nutrient-rich islands than in their forebears on older, nutrient-poor islands. Values for several quantitative morphological variables related to reproductive investment, known from Arabidopsis fca mutant studies, weakly though positively correlate with increasing glutamine tract length. Together with protein modeling of FCA, which indicates that longer polyglutamine tracts could induce suboptimally mobile functional domains, we suggest that CAG expansions may form slightly deleterious alleles (with respect to protein function) that become fixed in founder populations. CONCLUSION: In the Hawaiian mint FCA system, we infer that contraction of slightly deleterious CAG repeats occurred because of competition for resources along the natural environmental cline of the island chain. The observed geographical structure of FCA variation and its correlation with morphologies expected from Arabidopsis mutant studies may indicate that developmental pleiotropy played a role in the diversification of the mints. This discovery is important in that it concurs with other suggestions that repetitive amino acid motifs might provide a mechanism for driving morphological evolution, and that variation at such motifs might permit rapid tuning to environmental change.10aAlleles10aDNA: Plant10aGenes: Plant10aHawaii10aMentha10aMinisatellite Repeats10aPeptides10aPhylogeny10aPlant Proteins10aSelection: Genetic10aSequence Homology: Amino Acid10aSpecies Specificity1 aLindqvist, Charlotte1 aLaakkonen, Liisa1 aAlbert, Victor, A  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/polyglutamine-variation-flowering-time-protein-correlates-island-age-hawaiian-plant02334nas a2200397   4500008004100000245010800041210006900149260000800218300001400226490000700240520114900247653002401396653002001420653001901440653002301459653002701482653001401509653001501523653002801538653001501566653002301581653001401604653002101618653001701639653001801656653003501674653002801709653001601737100002601753700002001779700001701799700002301816700002201839700002501861856005001886       2010                        eng d00aMOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS, CHARACTER EVOLUTION, AND SUPRAGENERIC CLASSIFICATION OF LAMIOIDEAE (LAMIACEAE)0 aMOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS CHARACTER EVOLUTION AND SUPRAGENERIC CLA  cJan  a191–2170 v973 aThis paper presents a phylogenetic analysis of Lamiaceae subfam. Lamioideae (including subfamily Pogostemonoideae) based on sequences of the trnL intron, trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, and rps16 intron of the plastid genuine. It is the first analysis that includes all major lamioid and pogostemonoid genera. Monophyly of Lamioideae s.l. (i.e., including Pogostemonoideae) is strongly supported, with Cymaria Benth. as its sister group, and Pogostemonoideae, which sometimes has been recognized as a subfamily, is subsumed in Lamioideae. On the basis of the phylogenetic hypothesis, Lamioideae is divided into nine tribes. Three new tribes are established: Gomphostemmateae Seheen {&} Lindqvist, Phlomideae Mathiesen, and Leucadeae Scheen {&} Ryding. The other six tribes are: Pogostemoneae Briq., Synandreae Raf., Staehydeae Dumort., Leonureae Dumort., Limieae Coss. {&} Germ., and Marrubieae Vis. The genus Betonica L. is reestablished. The results also strongly suggest that the genera Stachys L., Sideritis L., Ballota and Leucas R. Br. are polyphyletic or paraphyletic. The results were used to examine evolution of non-molecular characters.10aCharacter Evolution10aChloroplast Dna10aClassification10aEremostachys Bunge10aHawaiian Endemic Mints10aLamiaceae10aLamioideae10aMolecular Phylogeneties10aMorphology10aPericarp Structure10aPhlomis L10aPogostemonoideae10aRps16 Intron10aSequence Data10aSubtribe Melittidinae Labiatae10aSystematic Implications10aVerbenaceae1 aScheen, Anne-Cathrine1 aBendiksby, Mika1 aRyding, Olof1 aMathiesen, Cecilie1 aAlbert, Victor, A1 aLindqvist, Charlotte  uhttp://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.3417/2007174