03028nas a2200301   4500008004100000245013500041210006900176260000800245300001300253490000800266520210300274653001802377653002102395653001402416653001802430653002202448653001302470653002702483653001202510653001402522653001902536653002402555653003102579653001002610100002602620700002302646856005702669       2007                        eng d00aPopulation genetic structure and hybridization patterns in the Mediterranean endemics Phlomis lychnitis and P. crinita (Lamiaceae)0 aPopulation genetic structure and hybridization patterns in the M  cOct  a735–460 v1003 aBACKGROUND AND AIMS: The historical influence of gene flow and genetic drift after the last glacial phase of the Quaternary Period is reflected in current levels of genetic diversity and population structure of plant species. Moreover, hybridization after secondary contact might also affect population genetic diversity and structure. An assessment was made of the genetic variation and hybrid zone structure in Iberian populations of the Mediterranean Phlomis lychnitis and P. crinita, for which phylogenetic relationships are controversial, and hybridization and introgression are common. METHODS: Allozyme variation at 13 loci was analysed in 1723 individual plants sampled from 35 natural locations of P. lychnitis, P. crinita subsp. malacitana and P. crinita subsp. crinita in southern and eastern Spain. Standard genetic diversity parameters were calculated and patterns of genetic structure in each taxon were tested to fit the equilibrium between gene flow and genetic drift. Individual multilocus genotypes were subjected to Bayesian clustering analysis to estimate hybridization and introgression rates for both geographic regions. KEY RESULTS: Contrasting patterns in the distribution of genetic variation among the three taxa were found. Phlomis lychnitis showed no significant inbreeding, low genetic differentiation among populations and no evidence of isolation by distance. Phlomis crinita subsp. malacitana and P. crinita subsp. crinita showed high levels of genetic structure consistent with a pattern of gene flow-drift equilibrium. Higher instances of hybridization and introgression were detected in locations from southern Spain compared with locations from eastern Spain, matching unimodal and bimodal hybrid zones, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High instances of historical gene flow, range expansion and altitudinal movement during the Quaternary Period, and lineage sorting can explain the diversity of patterns observed. The results suggest that P. lychnitis is the most differentiated lineage in the group; however, the relationship between the three taxa remains unclear.10aBayes Theorem10aCluster Analysis10aGene Flow10aGenetic Drift10aGenetic Variation10aGenotype10aHybridization: Genetic10aPhlomis10aPhylogeny10aPlant Proteins10aPopulation Dynamics10aSequence Analysis: Protein10aSpain1 aAlbaladejo, Rafael, G1 aAparicio, Abelardo  uhttp://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/100/4/735.long02986nas a2200385   4500008004100000245010400041210006900145260000800214300001300222490000700235520180100242653001802043653002502061653001502086653002002101653001502121653001202136653001402148653002802162653002102190653001402211653001302225653001102238100001902249700002102268700001902289700001902308700002202327700002402349700001802373700002702391700002202418700002402440856013602464       2004                        eng d00aPhylogeny and evolution of basils and allies (Ocimeae, Labiatae) based on three plastid DNA regions0 aPhylogeny and evolution of basils and allies Ocimeae Labiatae ba  cApr  a277–990 v313 aA phylogeny of basils and allies (Lamiaceae, tribe Ocimeae) based on sequences of the trnL intron, trnL-trnF intergene spacer and rps 16 intron of the plastid genome is presented. Several methods were used to reconstruct phylogenies and to assess statistical support for clades: maximum parsimony with equally and successively weighted characters, bootstrap resampling, and Bayesian inference. The phylogeny is used to investigate the distribution of morphological, pericarp anatomy, chemical, and pollen characters as well as the geographical distribution of the clades. Tribe Ocimeae is monophyletic and easily diagnosable with morphological synapomorphies. There are monophyletic clades within Ocimeae that broadly correspond to currently recognised subtribes: Lavandulinae, Hyptidinae, Ociminae, and Plectranthinae. Only Lavandulinae has clear non-molecular synapomorphies. Several currently recognised genera are not monophyletic. Floral morphology consistent with sternotribic pollination is most common in Ocimeae, but there are independent departures from this model. Buzz pollination is likely in some species, the only postulated occurrence of this within Lamiaceae. Quinone diterpenoids and flavones in the leaf exudates differ in their distributions across the phylogeny and this could contribute to differences in the recorded medicinal as well as pesticidal uses of the species in the different clades. Mapping geographic distribution on to an ultrametric phylogenetic tree produced using non-parametric rate smoothing supports an Asiatic origin for Ocimeae. There are several secondary occurrences in Asia arising from the African Ociminae and Plectranthinae clades. Colonisation of Madagascar occurred at least five times, and New World colonisation occurred at least three times.10aBayes Theorem10aBiological Evolution10aDiterpenes10aDNA: Intergenic10aFlavonoids10aIntrons10aLamiaceae10aMolecular Sequence Data10aOcimum basilicum10aPhylogeny10aPlastids10aPollen1 aPaton, Alan, J1 aSpringate, David1 aSuddee, Somran1 aOtieno, Donald1 aGrayer, Renée, J1 aHarley, Madeline, M1 aWillis, Fiona1 aSimmonds, Monique, S J1 aPowell, Martyn, P1 aSavolainen, Vincent  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/phylogeny-and-evolution-basils-and-allies-ocimeae-labiatae-based-three-plastid-dna-regions