02954nas a2200433   4500008004100000245011200041210006900153260000800222300001400230490000700244520156600251653000701817653000901824653003601833653003601869653003201905653001501937653002401952653002101976653001301997653001302010653003702023653001102060653002602071653001302097653001402110653001602124653001102140653001002151100001502161700001502176700001502191700001302206700001402219700001502233700001802248700001402266856024002280       2003                        eng d00aThe chemotaxonomic significance of two bioactive caffeic acid esters, nepetoidins A and B, in the Lamiaceae0 achemotaxonomic significance of two bioactive caffeic acid esters  cJan  a519–5280 v643 aA survey of leaf surface constituents in the family Lamiaceae using HPLC with diode array detection revealed the presence of two characteristic phenolic compounds in many species. The distribution of these phenolics in the Lamiaceae was found to be of taxonomic significance, as they were present in the great majority of species investigated for the subfamily Nepetoideae, including representatives of the well-known genera of culinary herbs, mint, rosemary, sage, thyme and basil. In contrast, they were absent from species of the other subfamilies of Lamiaceae studied and from the related families Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Acanthaceae and Buddlejaceae. The compounds were isolated from Plectranthus crassus and identified by NMR spectroscopy as the known caffeic acid esters (Z,E)-[2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl] 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate and (Z, E)-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl] 3-(3,4-dihydroxyplienyl)-2-propenoate, for which the trivial names nepetoidins A and B are proposed. The presence of this pair of caffeic acid esters adds another character to the chemical, palynological and embryological features distinguishing the Nepetoideae from the other subfamilies of Larmaceae and related families, and supports the view that the Nepetoideae are a specialised and monophyletic group within the family. Nepetoidin B was shown to have a greater antioxidant activity than gallic, rosmarinic and caffeic acids, and showed activity as an insect phagostimulant. Both compounds were antifungal. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10a(Z10a3-(310a4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-Propenoate10a4-Dihydroxyphenyl)Ethenyl] 3-(310a5-Dihydroxyphenyl)-Ethenyl]10aAntifungal10aCaffeic Acid Esters10aChemosystematics10aE)-[2-(310aFlavones10aFree Radical Scavenging Activity10aGenera10aInsect Phagostimulant10aLabiatae10aLamiaceae10aNepetoideae10aOcimum10aPlant1 aGrayer, RJ1 aEckert, MR1 aVeitch, NC1 aKite, GC1 aMarin, PD1 aKokubun, T1 aSimmonds, MSJ1 aPaton, AJ  uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TH7-48KV9RR-H&_user=2139813&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000054276&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2139813&md5=dc13ca6ce980e66e29866bd090cf4f4b02147nas a2200277   4500008004100000245004400041210004200085260000800127300001400135490000700149520121800156653001601374653001701390653001701407653002301424653002901447653001801476653001101494653001401505653001201519653002401531653002001555100001601575700001801591856026001609       2003                        eng d00aMolecules of interest - Rosmarinic acid0 aMolecules of interest Rosmarinic acid  cJan  a121–1250 v623 aRosmarinic acid is an ester of caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid. It is commonly found in species of the Boraginaceae and the subfamily Nepetoideae of the Lamiaceae. However, it is also found in species of other higher plant families and in some fern and hornwort species. Rosmarinic acid has a number of interesting biological activities, e.g. antiviral, antibacterial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant. The presence of rosmarinic acid in medicinal plants, herbs and spices has beneficial and health promoting effects. In plants, rosmarinic acid is supposed to act as a preformed constitutively accumulated defence compound. The biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid starts with the amino acids L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine. All eight enzymes involved in the biosynthesis are known and characterised and cDNAs of several of the involved genes have been isolated. Plant cell cultures, e.g. from Coleus blumei or Salvia officinalis, accumulate rosmarinic acid in amounts much higher than in the plant itself (up to 36% of the cell dry weight). For this reason a biotechnological production of rosmarinic acid with plant cell cultures has been proposed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.10aAntioxidant10aBiosynthesis10aBoraginaceae10aCafeic Acid Esters10aCell-Suspension Cultures10aColeus-Blumei10aGrowth10aLamiaceae10aPathway10aPlant Cell Cultures10aRosmarinic Acid1 aPetersen, M1 aSimmonds, MSJ  uhttp://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS&action=retrieve&SrcApp=Papers&UT=000180951600001&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5&SrcAuth=mekentosj&mode=FullRecord&customersID=mekentosj&DestFail=http%253A%252F%252Faccess.isiproducts.com%252Fcustom_image02622nas a2200241   4500008004100000245010400041210006900145260000800214300001400222490000700236520184500243100001402088700001702102700001402119700001402133700001502147700001502162700001402177700001802191700001502209700001802224856013802242       2004                        eng d00aPhylogeny and evolution of basils and allies (Ocimeae, Labiatae) based on three plastid DNA regions0 aPhylogeny and evolution of basils and allies Ocimeae Labiatae ba  cJan  a277–2990 v313 aA phylogeny of basils and allies (Lamiaceae, tribe Ocimeae) based on sequences of the trnL intron, trnL-trnF intergene spacer and rps 16 intron of the plastid genome is presented. Several methods were used to reconstruct phylogenies and to assess statistical support for clades: maximum parsimony with equally and successively weighted characters, bootstrap resampling, and Bayesian inference. The phylogeny is used to investigate the distribution of morphological, pericarp anatomy, chemical, and pollen characters as well as the geographical distribution of the clades. Tribe Ocimeae is monophyletic and easily diagnosable with morphological synapomorphies. There are monophyletic clades within Ocimeae that broadly correspond to currently recognised subtribes; Lavandulinae, Hyptidinae, Ociminae, and Plectranthinae. Only Lavandulinae has clear non-molecular synapomorphies. Several currently recognised genera are not monophyletic. Floral morphology consistent with sternotribic pollination is most common in Ocimeae, but there are independent departures from this model. Buzz pollination is likely in some species, the only postulated occurrence of this within Lamiaceae. Quinone diterpenoids and flavones in the leaf exudates differ in their distributions across the phylogeny and this could contribute to differences in the recorded medicinal as well as pesticidal uses of the species in the different clades. Mapping geographic distribution on to an ultrametric phylogenetic tree produced using non-parametric rate smoothing supports an Asiatic origin for Ocimeae. There are several secondary occurrences in Asia arising from the African Ociminae and Plectranthinae clades. Colonisation of Madagascar occurred at least five times, and New World colonisation occurred at least three times. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.1 aPaton, AJ1 aSpringate, D1 aSuddee, S1 aOtieno, D1 aGrayer, RJ1 aHarley, MM1 aWillis, F1 aSimmonds, MSJ1 aPowell, MP1 aSavolainen, V  uhttps://lamiaceae.myspecies.info/content/phylogeny-and-evolution-basils-and-allies-ocimeae-labiatae-based-three-plastid-dna-regions-0