@article {Ozkan:2009p1206,
	title = {Nutlet morphology and its taxonomic utility in Salvia (Lamiaceae: Mentheae) from Turkey},
	journal = {Acta Bot Croat},
	volume = {68},
	number = {1.},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {105{\textendash}115},
	abstract = {The nutlet (mericarp) morphology of 12 Salvia L. (Lamiaceae: sub-family Nepetoideae: tribe Mentheae: sub-tribe Salviinae) taxa from Turkey, including five endemic taxa, was examined using scanning electron microscopy: Salvia bracteata Banks et Sol., S. cadmica Boiss., S. blepharoclaena Hedge et Hub.-Mor., S. cryptantha Montbret et Aucher ex Bentham, S. aethiopis L, S. ceratophylla L., S. candidissima Vahl subsp. candidissima., S. cyanescens Boiss et Bal., S. virgata Jacq, S. halophila Hedge, S. verticillata L. subsp. verticillata, S. verticillata L. subsp amasiaca (Freyn et Bornm.) Bornm. The mericarps examined exhibited variation in size, shape, colour, and surface sculpturing. Mericarp size ranged between 1.6{\textendash}3.5 mm length and 1.0{\textendash}2.9 mm width. Observed shapes included spherical, trigonous-prolate spheroidal and prolate spheroidal. Mericarp surface sculptur- ing revealed three distinct types: reticulate, foveate and verrucate. Our study supports fur- ther work across the genus.},
	author = {Mustafa {\"O}zkan and K{\^a}muran Akta{\c s} and Canan {\"O}zdemir and Greg Guerin}
}
@article {MortezaSemnani:2009p1163,
	title = {The Essential Oil Composition of Clinopodium vulgare L. from Iran},
	journal = {J Essent Oil Res},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {31{\textendash}32},
	abstract = {The composition of the essential oil obtained from the dried flowering aerial parts of Clinopodium vulgare L. (Labiatae) was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Fifty-two components have been identified in the. essential oil of G. vulgare. The major constituents of the essential oil were vulgarone B (24.4\%), santolinyl acetate (10.2\%) and 14-hydroxy-alpha-muurolene (6.0\%).},
	keywords = {Clinopodium Vulgare, Essential Oil Composition, Extracts, Labiatae, Santolinyl Acetate, Vulgarone B},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000264139900010\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {Katayoun Morteza-Semnani and Majid Saeedi and Mohammad Akbarzadeh}
}
@article {Bluma:2009p1144,
	title = {Impact of volatile compounds generated by essential oils on Aspergillus section Flavi growth parameters and aflatoxin accumulation},
	journal = {J Sci Food Agr},
	volume = {89},
	number = {9},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {1473{\textendash}1480},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The advantage of essential oils is their bioactivity in the vapour phase, a characteristic that makes them attractive as possible fumigants for stored grain protection. In this study the antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic effects of the volatile fractions of five essential oils (EOs) were evaluated by vapour contact on Aspergillus section Flavi isolates.RESULTS: In maize meal extract agar the volatile fractions of Pimpinella anisum L. (anise), Peumus boldus Mol. (boldus), Hedeoma multiflora Benth. (mountain thyme), Lippia turbinata var. integrifolia (Griseb.) (poleo) and Syzygium aromaticum L. (clove) were able to decrease the growth rate and lag phase of aflatoxigenic isolates. Boldus EO showed the best antifungal effect on Aspergillus section Flavi growth rate. In sterilised maize grains, boldus and poleo EOs showed antifungal effects on growth rate and aflatoxin accumulation. The volatile fraction of boldus EO completely inhibited the growth of isolates at water activity (a(w)) levels of 0.955,0.930 and 0.900, while poleo EO showed this effect only at the lower a(w) levels (0.930 and 0.900). All aflatoxigenic isolates showed reduced total aflatoxin accumulation in the presence of boldus EO under all a(w) conditions.CONCLUSION: These findings clearly indicate that the volatile fraction of boldus EO could be used to control aflatoxigenic fungi in stored maize. (C) 2009 Society of Chemical Industry},
	keywords = {Aflatoxins, Antifungal Activity, Argentina, Aspergillus Section Flavi, B-1, Components, Deterioration, Essential Oils, Fungi, Maize Grain, Maize Grains, Pesticide-Residues, Products, Vegetables, Volatile Fractions},
	doi = {10.1002/jsfa.3611},
	url = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122370163/abstract},
	author = {Romina Bluma and Maria F Landa and Miriam Etcheverry}
}
@article {Bramley:2009p3212,
	title = {Troublesome tropical mints: re-examining generic limits of Vitex and relations (Lamiaceae) in South East Asia},
	journal = {Taxon},
	volume = {58},
	number = {2},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {500{\textendash}510},
	abstract = {The relationships of Vitex and genera historically placed in Lamiaceae subfamily Viticoideae were investigated. Particular focus was given to some South East Asian genera traditionally allied to Vitex (Paravitex, Tsoongia, Viticigremna, Tejismanniodendron) since progress with South East Asian Floras is being hampered by a lack of clarity in current generic delimitation. On the basis of maximum parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of ITS and ndhF sequence data we provide evidence that the Viticoideae is not monophyletic, its members being spread between a number of clades which include genera currently recognised as incertae sedis (Peronema, Hymenopyramis, Petraeovitex, Tectona). The most well Supported clade, the Vitex group, contains Vitex, Paravitex, Tsoongia, Viticipremna, Petitia and Teijsmanniodendron. Morphological similarities of the genera included in this group are also discussed. In light of this evidence Paravitex, Viticipremna and Tsoongia are reduced to synonymy with Vitex, the new combinations being made here. The position of Teijsmanniodendron is not resolved and its generic status is therefore upheld. Similarly, PC-litia is upheld due to a lack of neotropical taxa within the sample.},
	keywords = {Clerodendrum Lamiaceae, Cyrtandra Gesneriaceae, Floras, Islands, Labiatae, Lamiaceae, Molecular-Data, New-Guinea, Parsimony, Phylogeny, Sequences, South East Asia, Systematics, Vitex, Viticoideae},
	author = {Gemma L. C Bramley and Felix Forest and Rogier P. J de Kok}
}
@article {Kim:2009p1158,
	title = {In vitro alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potential and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Lamiaceae Species Inhabited in Korean Penninsula},
	journal = {Food Sci Biotechnol},
	volume = {18},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {239{\textendash}244},
	abstract = {In the current study, inhibitory activity of 8 selected Korean edible plants of Lamiaceae family against alpha-glucosidases, prepared from rat small intestine acetone powder was evaluated. Total flavonoids and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were also investigated. Methyl alcohol extracts of Scutellaria indica (SI) had the highest alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity relevant for potentially managing hyperglycemia, followed by Clinopodium gracile (CG) and Thymus quinquecostatus (TQ). These 3 species also showed significant antioxidant activity in ORAC system. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the extracts was compared to selected phenolics. Among the standard phenolics tested quercetin which was major flavonoid in the extracts had the highest alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. CG, TQ, and SI which had high quercetin content and ORAC values also exhibited significant sucrase inhibitory activity. Results suggested that selected 3 Korean Lamiaceae species have the potential development of effective dietary strategy for postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative stress-linked diabetes complications.},
	keywords = {Antioxidant, Assay, Cancer, Capacity, Disease, Extracts, Fruit, Glucosidase Inhibitor, Lamiaceae, Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity, Phenolic-Compounds, Plasma, Risk, Vegetables},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000263843200041\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {Dong-Soo Kim and Hyun Jeong Kwon and Hae-Dong Jang and Young-In Kwon}
}
@article {Moon:2009p250,
	title = {Phylogenetic significance of leaf micromorphology and anatomy in the tribe Mentheae (Nepetoideae: Lamiaceae)},
	journal = {Bot J Linn Soc},
	volume = {160},
	number = {2},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {211{\textendash}231},
	abstract = {A comparative micromorphological study of leaves was carried out on 102 species of Mentheae; 61 species were selected for the anatomical study. Mentheae possessed both amphistomatic and hypostomatic leaves. The diversity of leaf epidermal characteristics was based on the variation in morphology of epidermal cells, stomata types and trichome types. Although each characteristic on its own has rather limited systematic value, the combination of some of these features may be systematically relevant, especially for the identification of species. For example, branched multicellular nonglandular trichomes were a diagnostic characteristic for all genera investigated of the subtribe Salviinae; however, this trichome type was also observed in Hedeoma ciliolata and Neoeplingia leucophylloides of the subtribe Menthinae. Capitate glandular trichomes with pear-shaped heads were only observed in Salvia dorrii. Subsessile glandular trichomes with multicellular heads (more than ten cells) were an apomorphy for Perovskia. The anatomical leaf structure was consistent throughout the tribe. In some species, the vascular bundles in the midrib were modified into a mechanical tissue, which is an adaptation to xerophytic environments. The observed variations are discussed in an ecological context and their phylogenetic significance is evaluated. (C) 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 160, 211-231.},
	keywords = {Epidermal Characters, Epidermis, Essential Oil, Evolution, Genus, Glandular Hairs, Labiatae, Leaves, Monarda-Fistulosa, Morphology, Phylogenetics, Stomata, Systematics, Trichome, Trichomes, Vascular Bundle},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00979.x},
	author = {Hye-Kyoung Moon and Suk-Pyo Hong and Erik Smets and Suzy Huysmans}
}
@article {Scheen:2009p3205,
	title = {Molecular Phylogenetics of the Leucas Group (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {173{\textendash}181},
	abstract = {The genus Leucas R.Br. includes 100 recognized species ranging in distribution from Africa through the Indian subcontinent to Queensland, Australia. Morphological cladistic studies have suggested that several other genera of Lamioideae - Acrotome, Isoleucas, Leonotis, and Otostegia (pro parte) - may be closely related to Leucas, or even nested within it. Here we use phylogenetic analysis of three plastid DNA loci, the trnL-F region, trnS-G spacer, and the rps16 intron and reach similar conclusions. Many of the morphological features used to maintain Leucas since 1810 are shared ancestral (symplesiomorphic) characters. The other genera (or subgeneric group in the case of Otostegia) are therefore defined by apomorphic states. This is particularly apparent in the case of Leonotis, with its highly specialized bird-pollinated flowers, derived within a paraphyletic and insect-pollinated Leucas. Some geographically isolated groups are monophyletic, including all Asian species of Leucas, a Socotran clade, and a large African lineage.},
	keywords = {Amplification, Biogeography, Chloroplast Dna, Evolution, Labiatae, Mints, Parsimony, Regions, Rps16, Trnl-Trnf, Trns-Trng},
	url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?SID=2B\%2540kNem2NICHnHfl3PI\&product=WOS\&UT=000263801200018\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_images\%252Fwok5_failed_auth.html\&Init=Yes\&action=retrieve\&SrcAuth=meken},
	author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Victor A Albert}
}
@article {Katsiotis:2009p1110,
	title = {Phylogenetic relationships in Origanum spp. based on rDNA sequences and intra-genetic variation of Greek O. vulgare subsp hirtum revealed by RAPD},
	journal = {Sci Hortic-Amsterdam},
	volume = {121},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {103{\textendash}108},
	abstract = {Origanum species are among the most widely spread herbs in the Mediterranean basin. Eventhough they are used as a spice, evaluation of their genetic diversity and evolution has only recently drawn attention. In order to study phylogenetic relationships, 14 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 clones belonging to the most common Origanum species were sequenced and a parsimony tree was constructed, using the approximate likelihood ratio test. All Origanum species were clearly separated from allied genera of the Mentheae tribe while a clear distinction between the Greek and the Spanish accessions was revealed. In addition the germplasm variability of the most common Greek oregano (O. vulgare subsp. hirtum) was investigated using the RAPD markers. The use of 10 random decamers resulted in 133 unambiguous and reproducible bands detected across 27 entries. Two main groups were identified by the UPGMA clustering using Jaccard{\textquoteright}s similarity coefficient, and major genetic dissimilarities among Greek O. vulgare subsp. hirtum populations and O. onites/O. virens species were detected. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that genetic variability is distributed mainly within populations; however, significant Phi(st) values were detected between different geographical localities, supporting noteworthy genetic differentiation among O. vulgare subsp. hirtum populations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Antioxidant, Essential Oils, Evolution, Extracts, Geographic-Variation, Identification, Intra-Genetic Variability, Its, Lamiaceae, Origanum, Parental Taxa, Phylogenetic Relationships, Rapd, Sipyleum, X-Intercedens},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scienta.2009.01.015},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL\&_udi=B6TC3-4VJJWG7-1\&_user=2139813\&_rdoc=1\&_fmt=\&_orig=search\&_sort=d\&_docanchor=\&view=c\&_acct=C000054276\&_version=1\&_urlVersion=0\&_userid=2139813\&md5=5617b5521c7a560f96bf092c26b3ae1b},
	author = {A Katsiotis and N Nikoloudakis and A Linos and A Drossou and T Constantinidis}
}
@article {Murata:2009p1161,
	title = {Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Inhibitors from Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum},
	journal = {J Nat Prod},
	volume = {72},
	number = {8},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {1379{\textendash}1384},
	abstract = {From the aerial parts of Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum, nine new phenylpropanoids, clinopodic acids A-1 (2-10), were isolated together with a known phenylpropanoid, rosmarinic acid (1). The structures of these new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Clinopodic acid C (4) showed NIMP-2 inhibitory activity (IC50 3.26 mu M).},
	keywords = {Acid, Oleanane-Triterpene Saponins},
	doi = {10.1021/np800781t},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/np800781t},
	author = {Toshihiro Murata and Kenroh Sasaki and Kumiko Sato and Fumihiko Yoshizaki and Haruna Yamada and Hiromichi Mutoh and Kaoru Umehara and Toshio Miyase and Tsutomu Warashina and Hiroaki Aoshima and Homare Tabata and Kouichi Matsubara}
}
@article {Brauchler:2009p2219,
	title = {Phylogenetische und taxonomische Untersuchungen an der Subtribus Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae) unter besonderer Ber{\"u}cksichtigung},
	year = {2009},
	month = {May},
	pages = {1{\textendash}189},
	author = {Christian Br{\"a}uchler}
}
@article {Edwards:2009p1301,
	title = {Using population genetic data as a tool to identify new species: Conradina cygniflora (Lamiaceae), a new, endangered species from Florida},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {34},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {1{\textendash}13},
	abstract = {Understanding species limits in recent radiations is often difficult because sufficient time may not have elapsed since speciation to allow for the accumulation of unique species-specific traits. However, because population genetic markers evolve rapidly, patterns of genetic structure based on these markers can often discern genetically isolated population groups, even when other markers, such as DNA sequences, can not. In this study, we analyzed patterns of genetic structure based on microsatellites in Conradina and identified a group of plants in Dunns Creek State Park (Putnam County, Florida) that are genetically divergent from all other described Conradina species. We then carried out a mor- phological study that revealed several unique characters in these populations, most notably unicellular hairs, epidermis features, and larger calyces. Because these populations are genetically and morphologically diagnosable from all other Conradina species, we thus consider them to be specifically distinct, and name this taxon Conradina cygniflora. Conradina cygniflora is endemic to Dunns Creek State Park in south- central Putnam County, Florida, where it occupies eight tightly-clustered sites that probably form around two to four self-sustaining popula- tions. Due to its extremely limited geographic distribution and few individuals, we recommend that Conradina cygniflora be listed as federally endangered.},
	author = {Christine E Edwards and Walter S Judd and Gretchen M Ionta and Brenda Herring}
}
