@article {Prather:2002p1092,
	title = {Monophyly and phylogeny of Monarda (Lamiaceae): Evidence from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {27},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {127{\textendash}137},
	abstract = {The phylogenetic relationships of the 16 species of Monarda (Lamiaceae) were investigated using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Thymus and Mentha were used as outgroups, and Blephilia, Clinopodium, Conradina, Hesperozygis, Monardella, Pycnanthemum, and Ziziphora were included in the ingroup to test the monophyly of Monarda. Two parsimony searches were performed after removing redundant sequences from the analysis: one with indels scored as missing and a second with indels treated as binary characters, Both searches yielded congruent results, but the treatment of indels as binary characters resulted in considerably more resolution within Monarda. There was strong support for the monophyly of Monarda and a close relationship was found between Monarda, Blephilia, and Pycnanthemum. The molecular phylogeny was completely congruent with the infrageneric classification of the genus. Our results were consistent with hypotheses of hybridization between M. fistulosa and M. lindheimeri in Texas. Despite considerable morphological variation among many species, especially in floral characters, little molecular diversification was found in those same species groups. Intraspecific polymorphism in ITS sequence was found in over half the species examined, and may be attributable to ancestral polymorphism, hybridization, or detection of paralogous loci.},
	keywords = {Classification, Evolution, Gene Trees, Islands, Labiatae, Molecular Systematics, Most-Parsimonious Trees, Patterns, Sequence Data, Species Trees},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000174306000012\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {LA Prather and AK Monfils and AL Posto and RA Williams}
}
@article {Edwards:2006p1091,
	title = {Molecular phylogeny of Conradina and other scrub mints (Lamiaceae) from the southeastern USA: Evidence for hybridization in Pleistocene refugia?},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {31},
	number = {1},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {193{\textendash}207},
	abstract = {Conradina (Lamiaceae) consists of six allopatric species endemic to the southeastern United States, four of which are federally endangered or threatened. The limits and status of several taxa have been contested based on morphological grounds, and clarification of these limits is necessary for the design and implementation of effective and fiscally responsible protection and management plans. The objectives of this study were to investigate the monophyly of Conradina and its relationship to other endemic mints of the southeastern United States, to understand the patterns of diversification in Conradina, and to clarify species relationships. A molecular phylogeny was inferred by sequencing ITS and plastid regions from multiple accessions of each species of Conradina (except for a single accession of C. verticillata) and multiple individuals from species of Clinopodium, Dicerandra, Piloblephis, Stachydeoma, Monarda, Pycnanthemum, and Mentha. ITS sequence data strongly support the monophyly of Conradina, in agreement with evidence from morphology. In contrast, plastid sequence data do not support a monophyletic Conradina and place the genus as paraphyletic to Clinopodium, Stachydeoma, and Piloblephis. Similar plastid haplotypes are shared by different genera, perhaps due to shared ancestral polymorphisms, or more likely, introgression that occurred recently or during the Pleistocene. Within Conradina, ITS sequence data do not resolve species relationships, while plastid sequence data do not support the monophyly of most traditionally defined species of Conradina that are distinguishable morphologically. Species relationships in the plastid data set may also be obscured by introgression or ancestral polymorphism. More rapidly evolving sequence data from nuclear markers will be necessary to clarify relationships in Conradina and related mints from the southeastern United States.},
	keywords = {Armeria Plumbaginaceae, Chloroplast Dna, Incongruence, Length Difference Test, Maximum-Likelihood, Mitochondrial-Dna, Noncoding Regions, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Reticulate Evolution, Sequences},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000236119500018\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {CE Edwards and DE Soltis and PS Soltis}
}
@article {Irving:1976p944,
	title = {Chromosome numbers of Hedeoma (Labiatae) and related genera},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {1},
	number = {1},
	year = {1976},
	pages = {46{\textendash}56},
	author = {RS Irving}
}
@article {Trusty:2004p1119,
	title = {Using molecular data to test a biogeographic connection of the Macaronesian genus Bystropogon (Lamiaceae) to the New World: A case of conflicting phylogenies},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {29},
	number = {3},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {702{\textendash}715},
	abstract = {Bystropogon (Lamiaceae) is endemic to the Macaronesian Islands and represents the best-known example of a putative phytogeographic connection between these islands and the New World. Previous morphological taxonomic studies suggested that this genus is closely related to the western South American Minthostachys. Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers and 5.8S subunit of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the trnL gene and trnL-trnF spacer of the chloroplast genome for 33 of the 72 genera in the Mentheae tribe were performed. Maximum parsimony analysis of the combined data set resulted in 63 most parsimonious trees. The strict consensus tree of this analysis shows with moderate bootstrap support (74\%) that Bystropogon is sister to the Old World taxa Acinos, Ziziphora, and Clinopodium vulgare. When analyzed separately, the ITS and trnL/F data sets do not agree as to the sister group to Bystropogon, although none supports a sister relationship with Minthostachys. The cpDNA phylogeny strongly supports a relationship of Bystropogon with a clade of New World mint taxa (90\% bootstrap value). Due to the apparent conflict between the chloroplast and nuclear characters observed in the phylogenies, we are not certain of the true biogeographic relationship of Bystropogon. Finally, in all analyses, all of the Mentheae genera sampled in this study form a monophyletic group (100\% bootstrap value) and a derived clade of ten New World genera is found. These results contribute to our understanding of generic relationships within the tribe.},
	keywords = {Canary-Islands, Chloroplast Dna, Ilex L. Aquifoliaceae, Internal Transcribed Spacer, Nuclear Ribosomal Dna, Parsimony Analysis, Pollen Wall Ultrastructure, Restriction-Site Variation, Sequence Data, Subgenus Pinus},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000223702400014\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {JL Trusty and RG OLMSTEAD and DJ Bogler and A Santos-Guerra and J Francisco-Ortega}
}
@article {Scheen:2009p3205,
	title = {Molecular Phylogenetics of the Leucas Group (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {173{\textendash}181},
	abstract = {The genus Leucas R.Br. includes 100 recognized species ranging in distribution from Africa through the Indian subcontinent to Queensland, Australia. Morphological cladistic studies have suggested that several other genera of Lamioideae - Acrotome, Isoleucas, Leonotis, and Otostegia (pro parte) - may be closely related to Leucas, or even nested within it. Here we use phylogenetic analysis of three plastid DNA loci, the trnL-F region, trnS-G spacer, and the rps16 intron and reach similar conclusions. Many of the morphological features used to maintain Leucas since 1810 are shared ancestral (symplesiomorphic) characters. The other genera (or subgeneric group in the case of Otostegia) are therefore defined by apomorphic states. This is particularly apparent in the case of Leonotis, with its highly specialized bird-pollinated flowers, derived within a paraphyletic and insect-pollinated Leucas. Some geographically isolated groups are monophyletic, including all Asian species of Leucas, a Socotran clade, and a large African lineage.},
	keywords = {Amplification, Biogeography, Chloroplast Dna, Evolution, Labiatae, Mints, Parsimony, Regions, Rps16, Trnl-Trnf, Trns-Trng},
	url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?SID=2B\%2540kNem2NICHnHfl3PI\&product=WOS\&UT=000263801200018\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_images\%252Fwok5_failed_auth.html\&Init=Yes\&action=retrieve\&SrcAuth=meken},
	author = {Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Victor A Albert}
}
@article {WAGSTAFF:1997p633,
	title = {Phylogeny of Labiatae and Verbenaceae Inferred from rbcL Sequences},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {22},
	number = {1},
	year = {1997},
	pages = {165{\textendash}179},
	abstract = {Parsimony analysis of rbcL sequences supports monophyly of the Labiatae s.l., which includes the Labiatae, subfamilies Caryopteridoideae, Chloanthoideae, and Viticoideae of the Verbenaceae, and Symphoremataceae. Representatives of subfamily Verbenoideae (Verbenaceae s. str.) do not form a monophyletic group with the Labiatae s.l. Avicennia (Avicenniaceae), Cyclocheilon (Nesogenaceae), and Euthystachys and Retzia (Stilbaceae), included in the Verbenaceae by many authors, are distinct from the Labiatae s.l. and Verbenaceae s. str. The inferred phylogeny also provides a framework to interpret character evolution. Results suggest that uniovulate locules have evolved in at least two lineages of Lamiales s.l. and that a gynoecium with four locules by the development of false partitions apparently has evolved independently in the Labiatae s.l. and the Verbenaceae s. str. Whereas a dry fruit is pleisiomorphic in the Lamiales s.l., a fleshy fruit is pleisiomorphic in the Labiatae s.l. with possible reversal in four lineages.},
	author = {SJ WAGSTAFF and RG OLMSTEAD}
}
@article {Irving:1979p631,
	title = {Artificial hybridization in Hedeoma (Labiatae)},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	year = {1979},
	pages = {1{\textendash}15},
	author = {RS Irving and HS Brenholts and DD Irving}
}
@article {Edwards:2009p1301,
	title = {Using population genetic data as a tool to identify new species: Conradina cygniflora (Lamiaceae), a new, endangered species from Florida},
	journal = {Systematic Botany},
	volume = {34},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {1{\textendash}13},
	abstract = {Understanding species limits in recent radiations is often difficult because sufficient time may not have elapsed since speciation to allow for the accumulation of unique species-specific traits. However, because population genetic markers evolve rapidly, patterns of genetic structure based on these markers can often discern genetically isolated population groups, even when other markers, such as DNA sequences, can not. In this study, we analyzed patterns of genetic structure based on microsatellites in Conradina and identified a group of plants in Dunns Creek State Park (Putnam County, Florida) that are genetically divergent from all other described Conradina species. We then carried out a mor- phological study that revealed several unique characters in these populations, most notably unicellular hairs, epidermis features, and larger calyces. Because these populations are genetically and morphologically diagnosable from all other Conradina species, we thus consider them to be specifically distinct, and name this taxon Conradina cygniflora. Conradina cygniflora is endemic to Dunns Creek State Park in south- central Putnam County, Florida, where it occupies eight tightly-clustered sites that probably form around two to four self-sustaining popula- tions. Due to its extremely limited geographic distribution and few individuals, we recommend that Conradina cygniflora be listed as federally endangered.},
	author = {Christine E Edwards and Walter S Judd and Gretchen M Ionta and Brenda Herring}
}
