@article {Harley:1996p1356,
	title = {Lamiales Newsletter},
	journal = {Lamiales Newsletter},
	number = {4},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {1{\textendash}20},
	author = {R Harley and A Paton}
}
@article {Gordon:1996p1098,
	title = {Experimental translocation of the endangered shrub Apalachicola rosemary Conradina glabra to the Apalachicola Bluffs and Ravines Preserve, Florida},
	journal = {Biol Conserv},
	volume = {77},
	number = {1},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {19{\textendash}26},
	abstract = {<p>Apalachicola rosemary Conradina glabra Shinners is an endangered woody mint, endemic to the northwestern portion of Liberty County, Florida, USA. Because the few remaining populations of this species ave on private silvicultural lands and subject to disturbance, C. glabra was reintroduced within its original range onto The Nature Conservancy\&$\#$39;s Apalachicola Bluffs and Ratlines Preserve. Forty-eight plots of nine rooted cuttings were planted in each of three sites at the preserve in 1991. All above-ground herbaceous and small woody vegetation was clipped monthly during the growing season around 24 of the plots at each site in 1991 and 1992. Removal of competition resulted in significantly taller plants with move branches and flowers than in control plots across all sites. By the end of the second growing season, however, treatment effects diminished Survival of planted cuttings was 94\%, but was reduced by the prescribed fire management applied to two of the sites. Roughly 25\% of the plants which had 50-100\% tissue scorch in the fires resprouted. Seedling establishment was highest in the burned sites, and almost entirely limited to clipped plots. Evaluation of the success of this translocation effort will require long-term monitoring of these C. glabra populations and some reduction of fuel around plants prior to prescribed burning. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd</p>
},
	keywords = {Above-Ground Competition, Conradina Glabra Translocation, Endangered Plant, Fire},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=A1996UP45500003\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {DR Gordon}
}
@article {Blunden:1996p1134,
	title = {Betaine distribution in the Labiatae},
	journal = {Biochem Syst Ecol},
	volume = {24},
	number = {1},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {71{\textendash}81},
	abstract = {Seventy-nine species and three hybrids of Labiatae have been examined for the presence of betaines, which were isolated from and characterised for all the plants tested in six of the eight subfamilies (Ajugoideae, Teucrioideae, Viticoideae, Lamioideae, Pogostemonoideae and Scutellarioideae). However, unlike the Lamioideae, all species of which had relatively high betaine levels, those members tested of the other major subfamily, the Nepetoideae, either gave low betaine yields or these compounds were not detected. The three species examined representing the Chloanthoideae contained compounds which reacted with Dragendorff{\textquoteright}s reagent, but their structures could not be determined because of the small quantities isolated.The betaines found in different species of the same genus were very similar, supporting the view that these compounds have taxonomic significance at the generic level.},
	keywords = {Betaines, Chemotaxonomy, Dragendorff-Positive Compounds, Labiatae, Marine-Algae, Quantitative Estimation, Quaternary Ammonium},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=A1996TZ60000009\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {G Blunden and MH Yang and ZX Yuan and BE Smith and A Patel and JA Cegarra and I Mathe and G Janicsak}
}
@article {vonPoser:1996p1179,
	title = {Aromatic plants from Brazil .4. Essential oil composition and allelopathic effect of the Brazilian lamiaceae Hesperozygis ringens (Benth) Epling and Hesperozygis rhododon Epling},
	journal = {J Agr Food Chem},
	volume = {44},
	number = {7},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {1829{\textendash}1832},
	abstract = {Samples of Hesperozygis ringens (Benth.) Epling and Hesperozygis rhododon Epling essential oils were analyzed by a combination of analytical techniques: capillary gas chromatography, liquid/solid chromatography, GC/MS coupling, and NMR spectroscopy. Twenty-four components have been identified representing altogether more than 95\% of the oil content. The oil of H. ringens is constituted mainly by pulegone (79.2\%) accompanied by several oxygenated derivatives (pulegone oxides, 1.2\%; 8-hydroxy-p-menth-3-one, 1.3\%; and 8-hydroxy-p-menth-4-en-3-one, 3.7\%); that of H. rhododon contains menthone and pulegone as main compounds in almost comparable amounts (43.4\% and 29.6\%, respectively). Tests carried out on lettuce seeds using alcoholic extracts of the two species showed significant antigerminating properties mainly for H. ringens. The same activity was observed with its essential oil.},
	keywords = {Essential Oil Composition, Hesperozygis Rhododon Epling, Hesperozygis Ringens (Benth) Epling, Lamiaceae, Menthone, Pulegone},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=A1996UY27400042\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {GL vonPoser and C Menut and ME Toffoli and P Verin and M Sobral and JM Bessiere and G Lamaty and AT Henriques}
}
@article {Wink:1996p1139,
	title = {Phylogenetic relationships between some members of the subfamily Lamioideae (family Labiatae) inferred from nucleotide sequences of the rbcL gene},
	journal = {Bot Acta},
	volume = {109},
	number = {2},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {139{\textendash}148},
	abstract = {Total DNA was extracted from 25 species (8 general of the subfamily Lamioideae sensu Erdtman (family Labiatae). Using rbcl-specific primers, the rbcL gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 1420 bp were sequenced directly, or after cloning. RbcL sequences were evaluated with character-state (maximum parsimony; PAUP) and distance methods (neighbour-joining; MEGA). In agreement with classical systematics all taxa studied cluster outside the Nepetoideae. The following clades are apparent: I - Westringia/Prostanthera, II - Ajuga/Teucrium and III - Scutellaria, Stachys, Lamium and Marrubium. Lamium album, L. amplexicaule and L. garganicum appear as a sister clade to Marrubium. Both share a common ancestor with a second Lamium clade (including L. purpureum, L. maculatum and L. galeobdolon). The phylogenetic relationships are discussed with regard to the systematic classification of the subfamilies Lamioideae and Nepetoideae (sensu Erdtman).},
	keywords = {Asteridae, Labiatae, Lamioideae, Molecular phylogeny, Nucleotide Sequences, Plants, Pollen Morphology, Rbcl, Trees},
	url = {http://access.isiproducts.com/custom_images/wok_failed_auth.html},
	author = {N Wink and M Kaufmann}
}
@booklet {Muller:1996p1140,
	title = {Host-plant specialization in western palearctic Anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae)},
	howpublished = {Ecol Monogr},
	volume = {66},
	number = {2},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {235{\textendash}{\&}},
	abstract = {To determine the extent of host-plant specialization, the pollen sources of the 72 anthidiine species (family Megachilidae, subfamily Megachilinae, tribe Anthidiini) of Europe, North Africa, and Asia Minor were investigated by microscopic analysis of approximate to 1800 pollen loads of females. By this measure, 31 species (43\%) were oligolectic (relatively specialized to pollen source) at the level of plant tribe, plant subfamily, or plant family. Exclusive pollen sources of these bees throughout their geographic ranges are flowers of the Cardueae (Compositae), the Asteroideae (Compositae), the Papilionoideae (Leguminosae), the Lamioideae (Labiatae), the Nepetoideae (Labiatae), the Dipsacaceae, or the Campanulaceae. Thirteen species (18\%) were found to exhibit a strong, but not exclusive, preference for the Papilionoideae (Leguminosae), the Labiatae, the Cardueae (Compositae), and Zygophyllum (Zygophyllaceae), respectively, while 25 species (35\%) proved to be more markedly polylectic, visiting the flowers of up to 17 different plant families for pollen. The plants exploited by three species (4\%) are insufficiently known. By far the most important pollen sources of the anthidiine bees as a whole are the Compositae (41.7\%) followed by the Leguminosae (23.1\%) and the Labiatae (13.0\%).The phylogenetic relationships of the anthidiine bees were estimated by a cladistic analysis based on 115 characters to trace possible evolutionary patterns of diet composition. Based on the estimated phylogeny, at least eight shifts of oligoleges between different plant taxa and six transitions between oligolecty and polylecty appear to have occurred. Four transitions were from oligolecty to polylecty whereas two transitions are of unknown direction, both directions being equally parsimonious. Assuming that the ancestral state in the anthidiine bees was oligolectic, the present distribution of oligolectic and polylectic species can be explained solely by switches from the oligolectic to the polylectic habit and by shifts of oligoleges between different plant taxa. Three of four transitions from oligolecty to polylecty are accompanied by a reduction in bee body size. The significance of this size reduction with respect to the polylectic habit is discussed.The oligolectic anthidiine species visit significantly fewer flower species for pollen during a single foraging bout than the polylectic species. On average, 1.4 plant species were recorded in the loads of specialists compared to 2.2 for generalists.Two monophyletic groups of bees belonging to the genus Anthidium are equipped with a pollen-collecting apparatus consisting of specialized hairs localized either on the face or on the underside of the thorax. It is used to remove pollen from the raised anthers of flowers of the Labiatae and the Scrophulariaceae and to brush pollen from the flat inflorescences of some Compositae, respectively.The observation of flower-visiting females of several anthidiine species revealed that pollen uptake is far from an accidental process. Basic pollen-harvesting techniques have reached a high degree of efficiency: females of a given bee species worked flowers of a certain plant species in a fixed manner, the structures used for pollen uptake from the same flower type were found to be largely the same among anthidiine bees of different taxonomic groups, and no distinct differences with respect to the basic pattern of pollen removal from flowers of the same architecture were obvious when comparing oligolectic and polylectic species. On the other hand, polyleges showed a high intraspecific flexibility regarding the organs used for pollen uptake from flowers of a different architecture.},
	keywords = {Anthidiine Phylogeny, Apoidea, Behavior, Biology, Evolution, Host-Plant Specializations, Megachilidae, Oligolecty, Pollen-Foraging Strategies, Pollen-Harvesting Behavior, Pollination, Polylecty, Solitary Bees, Western Palearctic Anthidiini},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=A1996UH25800005\&SID=2AFL5dnj5MCc8JPedL5\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%253A\%252F\%252Faccess.isiproducts.com\%252Fcustom_image},
	author = {A Muller}
}
