@article {Rosch:2002p8031,
	title = {Chemotaxonomy of mints of genus Mentha by applying Raman spectroscopy},
	journal = {Biopolymers},
	volume = {67},
	number = {4-5},
	year = {2002},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {358{\textendash}61},
	abstract = {The characterization of mints is often problematic because Mentha is a taxonomically complex genus. In order to provide a fast and easy characterization method, we use a combination of micro-Raman spectroscopy and hierarchical cluster analysis. A classification trial of different mint taxa is possible for one collection time. For spectra measured at different points during the growing season, a more sophisticated pretreatment of the data is necessary to receive good discrimination between the species, as well as between the subspecies and varieties of the mints.},
	keywords = {Algorithms, Cluster Analysis, Mentha, Phylogeny, Spectrum Analysis: Raman},
	doi = {10.1002/bip.10099},
	author = {P R{\"o}sch and W Kiefer and J Popp}
}
@article {Arzani:2007p7993,
	title = {Iron and magnesium concentrations of mint accessions (Mentha spp.)},
	journal = {Plant Physiol Biochem},
	volume = {45},
	number = {5},
	year = {2007},
	month = {May},
	pages = {323{\textendash}9},
	abstract = {Plant foods can contribute significantly to human nutrition and health, because they contain almost all essential human nutrients. However, nutrient composition varies among different plant foods. Improvement of nutritional quality of our food supply, especially with respect to essential nutrient minerals, such as magnesium, iron and zinc, could be an important goal of vegetable crops. There is little information available on essential mineral concentration of mint (Mentha spp.). This study was conducted to evaluate some micronutrient minerals of twelve Iranian mint accessions, three of which belonging to Mentha longifolia (Mzin5, Mzin6 and Mzin11) and the remaining were Mentha spicata L species (Mzin1, Mzin2, Mzin3, Mzin4, Mzin7, Mzin8, Mzin9, Mzin10, and Mzin12). This report is assigned to two essential human nutrients, iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) concentrations of two mint herbage harvests in 12 mint clones within each of two studied years. Results of analysis of variance indicated a significant difference among accessions and a non-significant difference between species for Mg and Fe concentrations. Mean comparisons showed that Mzin2, Mzin12 (both belong to M. spicata) and Mzin6 (belongs to M. longifolia) possess the highest Fe concentration. Furthermore, Mzins 5, 6 and 11 belong to M. longifolia as well as Mzins 2 and 10 belong to M. spicata did not significantly differ and all included the first ranking group for Mg concentration. Fe concentration averaged on the first harvest ranged from 134mg/kg for Mzin4 genotype (belongs to M. spicata) to 210mg/kg to for Mzin5 genotype (belongs to M. longifolia), while Fe concentration at the second harvest varied from 315mg/kg for Mzin1 to 582mg/kg for Mzin12. At the first harvest, Mg concentration ranged from 748mg/kg for Mzin1 to 1174 for Mzin5. At the second harvest, Mg concentration varied from 1171mg/kg for Mzin9 to 1618mg/kg for Mzin11. It is hence concluded that the magnesium and iron concentrations of Mentha species are comparable to those reported for other leafy vegetable crops. Therefore, this is evidence that this herb is rich in some essential nutrient minerals, especially Fe and Mg which are essential for human health.},
	keywords = {Cluster Analysis, Iron, Magnesium, Mentha, Phylogeny},
	doi = {10.1016/j.plaphy.2007.03.023},
	author = {A Arzani and H Zeinali and K Razmjo}
}
@article {Wang:2007p7984,
	title = {[Analysis on genetic diversity of different Salvia miltiorrhiza geographical populations in China]},
	journal = {Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi},
	volume = {32},
	number = {19},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {1988{\textendash}91},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To research on genetic diversity of different Salvia miltiorrhiza geographical populations in China. METHOD: The genetic diversity of 27 S. miltiorrhiza geographical populations from ten provinces in China was estimated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The data of amplified bands were analyzed by the software POPGENE and SPSS. RESULT: The ten primers employed produced a total of 528 discernable and reproduceable amplified fragments. There were 476 polymorphic brands. The percentage of polymorphic bands with in different populations was 90.15\%. Genetic diversity analysis showed that Neis gene diversity (He) was 0.261 2 and Shannon{\textquoteright}s genetic diversity index (1) was 0.403 3. The coefficient of gene similarity was 0.504 0-0.789 0 between populations. The cluster map including all samples were obtained by UPGMA. In the map, there were seven cluster groups and one individual outside the groups. CONCLUSION: The genetic diversity with in different geographical population of S. miltiorrhiza in China is plentiful.},
	keywords = {Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis, China, Cluster Analysis, DNA Primers, DNA: Plant, Genetic Variation, Genetics: Population, Phylogeny, Plants: Medicinal, Salvia miltiorrhiza},
	author = {Bing Wang and Yong Zhang and Cheng-Bin Chen and Xiu-Lan Li and Rui-Yang Chen and Li Chen}
}
@article {Zhang:2007p7990,
	title = {[Correlation between ITS genotype and geographical distribution of Pogostemon cablin]},
	journal = {Yao Xue Xue Bao},
	volume = {42},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {93{\textendash}7},
	abstract = {To investigate the correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin by sequencing ITS1 and ITS2 genes, and provide molecular information for its germplasm evaluation, ITS1 and ITS2 genes of Pogostemon cablin from different localities were identified by PCR direct sequencing. The sequences of ITS1 and ITS2 genes were 424 bp and 380 bp in length, respectively. And nineteen base substitutions were observed in ITS1 gene, and five in ITS2 gene. The results showed a good correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin, and ITS gene sequencing could provide useful molecular information for germplasm evaluation of the plant species verification.},
	keywords = {Base Sequence, Biodiversity, China, Cluster Analysis, DNA: Plant, DNA: Ribosomal, DNA: Ribosomal Spacer, Genotype, Geography, Lamiaceae, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Plant Leaves, Plants: Medicinal, Sequence Analysis: DNA},
	author = {Ying Zhang and Yao Chen and Jin-Chao Zhang and Meng-Su Yang and Hui Cao and Pei-Gen Xiao}
}
@article {Pan:2006p8001,
	title = {[Study on intraspecific genetic diversity in different plant populations of Pogostemon cabli]},
	journal = {Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi},
	volume = {31},
	number = {9},
	year = {2006},
	month = {May},
	pages = {723{\textendash}6},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To study the genetic polymorphism and intraspecific genetic differentiation of different populations of Pogostemon cablin, and find out the effective method to distinguish DNA fingerprint of different populations of P. cablin. METHOD: Five plant populations of P. cablin were analyzed by RAPD markers. PopGen 32 software for clustering analysis and calculating. Fourteen of the 80 random primers were tested to possess the stronger detecting effect of polymorphous character. RESULT: A total of 84 bands was amplified by the 10 primers, among them 17 bands were monomorphic. 67 of them were polymorphic. The results indicated that the genetic variations existed within the different plant populations of the same species. CONCLUSION: It is feasible by RAPD technique with specifically primer to analyze the genetic diversity and identify 5 plant populations of P. cablin. RAPD technique has provided a new path for identification and classification of P. cablin genetic germplasm.},
	keywords = {China, Cluster Analysis, Dna Fingerprinting, DNA: Plant, Ecosystem, Lamiaceae, Phylogeny, Plants: Medicinal, Polymorphism: Genetic, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique},
	author = {Chao-mei Pan and Wei Li and Hong He and Wang-qiu Deng and Tai-hui Li and Hong-hua Xu}
}
@article {Kochieva:2006p7998,
	title = {[RAPD and ISSR analyses of species and populations of the genus Stachys]},
	journal = {Genetika},
	volume = {42},
	number = {7},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {887{\textendash}92},
	abstract = {Molecular analysis of the genome was performed for 14 species of the genus Stachys. RAPD and ISSR analyses of the Stachys genome revealed 574 polymorphic fragments, including genus- and species-specific markers. Based on the patterns, UPGMA and the Jacquard coefficient were used to estimate the genetic distances between Stachys species and populations and to construct dendrograms reflecting the phylogenetic relationships among the Stachys species. Molecular analysis of the Stachys genome refined the phylogenetic positions of some species and revealed synonymous species.},
	keywords = {Chromosome Mapping, Chromosomes: Plant, Cluster Analysis, Genetic Markers, Genome: Plant, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism: Genetic, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, Stachys},
	author = {E Z Kochieva and N N Ryzhova and M P Legkobit and N V Khadeeva}
}
@article {Albaladejo:2007p7981,
	title = {Population genetic structure and hybridization patterns in the Mediterranean endemics Phlomis lychnitis and P. crinita (Lamiaceae)},
	journal = {Annals of Botany},
	volume = {100},
	number = {4},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {735{\textendash}46},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The historical influence of gene flow and genetic drift after the last glacial phase of the Quaternary Period is reflected in current levels of genetic diversity and population structure of plant species. Moreover, hybridization after secondary contact might also affect population genetic diversity and structure. An assessment was made of the genetic variation and hybrid zone structure in Iberian populations of the Mediterranean Phlomis lychnitis and P. crinita, for which phylogenetic relationships are controversial, and hybridization and introgression are common. METHODS: Allozyme variation at 13 loci was analysed in 1723 individual plants sampled from 35 natural locations of P. lychnitis, P. crinita subsp. malacitana and P. crinita subsp. crinita in southern and eastern Spain. Standard genetic diversity parameters were calculated and patterns of genetic structure in each taxon were tested to fit the equilibrium between gene flow and genetic drift. Individual multilocus genotypes were subjected to Bayesian clustering analysis to estimate hybridization and introgression rates for both geographic regions. KEY RESULTS: Contrasting patterns in the distribution of genetic variation among the three taxa were found. Phlomis lychnitis showed no significant inbreeding, low genetic differentiation among populations and no evidence of isolation by distance. Phlomis crinita subsp. malacitana and P. crinita subsp. crinita showed high levels of genetic structure consistent with a pattern of gene flow-drift equilibrium. Higher instances of hybridization and introgression were detected in locations from southern Spain compared with locations from eastern Spain, matching unimodal and bimodal hybrid zones, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High instances of historical gene flow, range expansion and altitudinal movement during the Quaternary Period, and lineage sorting can explain the diversity of patterns observed. The results suggest that P. lychnitis is the most differentiated lineage in the group; however, the relationship between the three taxa remains unclear.},
	keywords = {Bayes Theorem, Cluster Analysis, Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Hybridization: Genetic, Phlomis, Phylogeny, Plant Proteins, Population Dynamics, Sequence Analysis: Protein, Spain},
	doi = {10.1093/aob/mcm154},
	url = {http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/100/4/735.long},
	author = {Rafael G Albaladejo and Abelardo Aparicio}
}
@article {Zhang:2003p8032,
	title = {[Application of hierarchical cluster with high-performance liquid chromatography in the classification of genus Clinopodium chinensis]},
	journal = {Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi},
	volume = {28},
	number = {9},
	year = {2003},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {812{\textendash}6},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To realize the relationships of the plants of genus C. chinensis in our country and confirm the feasible quality of the application of Hierarchical cluster in the classification of genus C. chinensis. METHOD: The chemical information of 20 samples of 10 kinds of plants was obtained with high-performance liquid chromatographic method and classification based on their chemical information was made through Hierarchical cluster. Flavonoids and saponins were the main components of the C. chinensis plants. We did the high-performance liquid chromatography from the flavonoids and saponins side respectively. RESULT: Expected results were achieved in the Hierarchical clusters of the chromatographic data of the plants of genus C. chinensis which supplied the foundation for studying crude drugs categorys and those close of C. chinensis. CONCLUSION: The cluster and identification results show the method is acceptable, simple, rapid, inexpensive and repeatable.},
	keywords = {Chromatography: High Pressure Liquid, Cluster Analysis, Flavonoids, Lamiaceae, Phylogeny, Plants: Medicinal, Saponins},
	author = {Xue-hui Zhang and Jian-min Chen}
}
@article {Shao:2006p8006,
	title = {[RAPD analysis of Scutellaria baicalensis from different germplasms]},
	journal = {Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi},
	volume = {31},
	number = {6},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {452{\textendash}5},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for breeding Scutellaria baicalensis from different germplasms,and to explore their genetic diversities and different strains. METHOD: The RAPD method was applied to the study on S. baicalensis from different germplasms by use of 14 random primers about 10 bp, and SAPD-analysis of 34 S. baicalensis from different germplasms was carried out by using the method of withingroups-linkage in SPSS 10.0. RESULTS: 14 among 115 primers were selected to amplify about 165 segments of DNA. Among them, 132 segments of DNA, 80.0\% of the total, can represent genetic of diversities of S. baicalensis. According to RAPD analysis, 34 germplasms of S. baicalensis were classified into A, B, C and D categories. CONCLUSION: S. baicalensis from different germplasms shows abundant genetic diversities. Germplasms from Shandong like Mengyin 3, Menyin 2 and Pingyi have close distance (0.315) in genetic background, which can be chosen for breeding of cultivated. Though genetic characters are similar in the morphology, the geological distribution of S. baicalensis and its morphology have not certain correlation. The complex genetic background of S. baicalensis indicate that the work of the selective breeding and management for breeding of S. baicalensis have to be strengthened.},
	keywords = {Breeding, Cluster Analysis, DNA Primers, DNA: Plant, Ecosystem, Genetic Variation, Phylogeny, Plant Leaves, Plants: Medicinal, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, Scutellaria baicalensis},
	author = {Ai-Juan Shao and Xin Li and Lu-Qi Huang and Shu-Fang Lin and Jun Chen}
}
